It's an exciting time to be in the biotech and pharmaceutical industries.

From advances in cancer treatments to using genomics to better understand diseases, to technologies that let you edit, silence, or otherwise manipulate genes, the young leaders in the industry are paving their way through their businesses with biomedical research that sounds closer to science fiction than actual medicine.

Because many of those in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries attend graduate school for years before joining a company, leaders under the age of 40 and especially 30 tend to be less common than in other industries.

Business Insider came up with a list of 30 leaders, through nominations and past coverage, who are shaping the future of medicine. We asked them what the contribution the under-40 generation would have on medicine.

Here's who's doing groundbreaking work as young leaders under 40 in biopharma, listed alphabetically.

SEE ALSO: The FDA just approved a device that can monitor blood sugar without finger pricks

DON'T MISS: 23andMe is getting serious about drug development — and it could signal a fresh approach to finding new medicines

Narges Bani Asadi, 36, wants to make human-genome analysis more useful to people.

Narges Bani Asadi, the vice president and Life Cycle Leader of sequencing genomics at Roche Sequencing Informatics, grew up in Iran before moving to Stanford University for graduate school. While pursuing a master's and later a Ph.D. in electrical engineering, she met a mentor who explained to her a future in which biology and medicine is more about data than a biology or chemistry lab problem. "It blew my mind," she said.

From there, she started working at that intersection between computer science and medicine, launching a startup called Bina that was later acquired by Roche. The company worked to find clinical applications for genomic data, so that the findings that come out of academic researchers make it to patients.

"How can that actually change medicine? That's the bottleneck today," she said. "What is the clinical utility of this information?"

The contribution the under-40 generation will have on medicine: It will be getting more nontraditional, and possibly even younger people into the industry that come from different backgrounds and expertise areas, Bani Asadi said.

Aris Baras, 33, is on the hunt for blockbuster drugs linked to our genes.

Aris Baras, vice president and head of the Regeneron Genetics Center, joined Regeneron after getting an M.D. and an MBA at Duke University. During his time in North Carolina, he did his research in immunology and biology. What drew him to Regeneron was its approach of using genomic information when discovering and developing drugs.

Using its genetics center, which Baras has been head of for four years, Regeneron has had success in getting drugs with a genetic component approved. That includes Praluent, a drug to treat high cholesterol that inhibit PCSK9, a protein encoded by the PCSK9 gene, and Arcalyst, a drug that inhibits the IL-1 receptor to treat certain rare diseases.

The hope is to do that for all drugs Regeneron's working on from here on out.

"We’ve been trying to do it with the whole pipeline," Baras said.

Stephanie Barrett, 36, is building implantable devices to help treat HIV and other infectious diseases.

Stephanie Barrett, a principal scientist at Merck, is working to make implantable devices to treat infectious diseases. Originally from Canada, Barrett moved to the US in 2004 to get her Ph.D. in chemistry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Shortly after completing her graduate work, she joined Merck.

Right now, treatments for diseases such as HIV and hepatitis are taken via pills. Merck's hope is that by building an implanted device, people will do better on the medications because they will actually adhere to them. Adherence is key when you're thinking about infectious diseases like HIV where you need low viral counts.

The contribution the under-40 generation will have on medicine: The energy and "hungriness" this generation will have will propel things forward, Barrett said.

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We've all heard that learning another language is valuable, but more often than not it's framed as a business skill. That the knowledge of another language opens up countless opportunities for your career isn't untrue — when you're able to participate in the exchange of goods and ideas in the global marketplace, of course you'll have a leg up. But language isn't only about expanding your international offices or serving a global customer base.

What frustrated language learners need to understand is that learning another language isn't a means to an end. The process isn't only about memorizing the proper spelling and sentence structure needed to complete a transaction. Instead, it's about understanding the larger role language plays in connecting human beings. You can't separate language from people or their culture. 

This emphasis on human connection is what online language learning platform italki gets, and why it uses a different strategy than apps that just use gamification to teach languages to its users. Italki connects 3 million language learners with over 5,000 teachers through 1-on-1 lessons. 

When language is how you connect with other people, it makes sense that the process of learning it should also involve actual people. Many language learning apps use games to emphasize memorization and repetition, but these features can only take you so far. Any learner who has relied on pure memorization to ace their high school language classes or SAT subject tests but was unable to last even a few hours in the country where that language is spoken would recognize this. 

Italki was born out of co-founder Kevin Chen's own experience and struggle with learning Chinese. It wasn't until he traveled to China and studied Chinese there that he truly learned the language. The big difference was using it in real conversations. 

Jumping from textbook to real life is undoubtedly scary. No one likes making mistakes or feeling embarrassed, but italki eases you into the process by facilitating lessons and conversations with native and fluent speakers. You don't even need to leave your house, much less the country to meet patient teachers and tutors. In addition, you can learn at your own pace and schedule. 

In the last three months alone, italki's students have taken lessons in 112 languages. While the top 10 languages learned on the site are English, Spanish, French, Japanese, Chinese, German, Italian, Russian, Korean, and Portuguese, italki has also helped revive interest in endangered or vulnerable languages like Basque and Blackfoot.

This article was originally published on 9/26/2017

I signed up for an account to see how italki works and why it's a leading platform for online language learning.

SEE ALSO: 10 best-selling online classes you can enroll in for $10 right now

You'll be asked some introductory questions when you first sign up for an account.

You can always change your preferences for these questions later, but they'll help streamline your dashboard. You'll be asked:

1. Teacher preference. You can either learn from a certified professional who provides structured lessons, materials, and convesation practice with you, or a community tutor who is a fluent speaker meant for more informal tutoring and conversation practice. 
2. If you are interested in being contacted for language exchange with other users on the site.
3. If you want your teacher to specialize in a specific field, such as teaching beginners, teaching teenagers, or business vocabulary.  

Now, you can search for teachers that suit your needs and learning style.

On this dashboard, you can filter by:

• Language the teacher speaks
• Their native country
• Hourly rate
• Tags like "experienced" or "patient" 
• Their time of day and week availability 

Hourly rates can range anywhere from $6 to $30+

The average price of an hour of personal lessons on the site is $10 to $15 an hour. You can also usually get a cheap 30-minute trial with a particular teacher so you can see if you really do click with them. 

Among 21 wealthy, developed nations, the United States is the only country with a federal government that doesn't guarantee workers paid-time off.

Instead, it's up to employers to give their workers vacation days.

The result has been that many people hardly take any time at all, either because they are committed to their job or they fear coming across as lazy.

To see what the US might be missing out on, Business Insider spoke with a handful of people who live in countries where the government guarantees time off. Here's what they said.

SEE ALSO: 5 people from around the world share what it's like to have single-payer healthcare

Sweden: 6 weeks off per year

How much time do you take?

In my role as a PR-consultant and advertising creative my mandatory vacation sums up to six weeks a year, with the possibility to add a seventh week instead of a pay raise.

How do you generally spend the time?

In terms of what I like to do [in] my free time, travel is the number one priority — city weekends, longer stays abroad. Or projects at home such as renovating the summer house.

Having the time off in longer stretches of time lets me relax and get an "outside" perspective of what I am doing. Where am I going with my career? Am I happy?

How does it feel knowing the time is guaranteed?

It makes me feel energized to be able to re-charge. It clearly makes my work-life balance better and my performance stronger.

Knowing it’s guaranteed also opens up the possibility for a bargain on flight tickets and hotel bookings – as I can do those long in advance.

— Samuel Skwarski, PR/Creative, Volontaire

Denmark: 5 weeks off per year

How much time do you take?

Five weeks.

How do you generally spend the time?

When on vacation, I try not to stay too connected to work though it's commonplace to "check in." I love going abroad and I often attempt to scatter my vacations days across the year to have several, but shorter vacations; for example, going on an extended weekend abroad.

How does it feel knowing the time is guaranteed?

When going from being a student to entering the job market in a full-time position, five weeks mandatory vacation – as it is in Denmark –  surprisingly feels like not a lot. It's a trivial problem in an international context given that five weeks are still more than what is normal in most other countries.

— Daniel Borup Jakobsen, VP Marketing, Plecto

France: 6 weeks off per year

How much time do you take?

We earn 2.5 days per worked month, for a total of 30 days or six weeks for a full year of work with the same employer.

How do you generally spend the time?

We travel if we can, mostly within France — to visit family, friends — and sometimes abroad — for a weekend trip in Europe or longer holidays to visit new countries.

How does it feel knowing the time is guaranteed?

We consider paid vacations a part of our compensation as wages are lower in France than some other countries. They matter. Personally, I believe they are important because they improve our productivity: we are not exhausted all the time like in the US.

— Marie-Catherine Beuth, Managing Editor, Business Insider France

Netflix's new animated comedy "Big Mouth" follows seventh graders experiencing — or about to experience — puberty. Their bodies are changing, and they're developing sexual desires they just don't know what to do with it. 

"Big Mouth" has been a huge hit with critics, receiving a 100% on Rotten Tomatoes to become Netflix's highest-rated animated show.

Business Insider recently talked to Andrew Goldberg, a former “Family Guy” writer who co-created “Big Mouth” with comedian Nick Kroll (his best friend since childhood), Jennifer Flackett, and Mark Levin.

The main characters on the show, Nick (voiced by Nick Kroll) and Andrew (voiced by John Mulaney), are based on Nick Kroll and Andrew Goldberg. This means that a lot of the things that happen to Nick, Andrew, and the other teenage characters on the show are drawn from real life puberty stories.

"A lot of it is exaggerations and embellishment of stuff that really did happen to us," Goldberg said. And you might be surprised which storylines are actually based on true events. 

Here are some of the stories from "Big Mouth" that were inspired by real life, according to creator Andrew Goldberg:

SEE ALSO: We talked to the creator of Netflix's wickedly funny new show about puberty, which has a 100% on Rotten Tomatoes

Andrew c---- in his pants while he's dancing with his crush at a dance — Episode 1

The real story:

"I did in fact c--- in my pants at a bar mitzvah. So that was based on reality. My mother was very upset because she was upset that I didn't come to her afterwards and tell her that. 

Jessi gets her period while wearing white shorts on a school field trip to the Statue of Liberty — Episode 2

The real story:

"Nick and I had a very good friend growing up who later told us that she did in fact get her first period at the Statue of Liberty on a school trip."

Jay pokes a hole in his pillow and uses it to pleasure himself — Episode 6

The real story:

"We actually did have a friend who used to f--- his pillow. That was one that I was mesmerized by in real life."

President Donald Trump had made Twitter a defining part of his public relations style even before the 2016 presidential campaign, but now that he has been in office for over 8 months, many of his tweets from before the election have come back to haunt him.

As many on Twitter have noted, there seems to be an old Trump tweet for every current situation, ranging from Trump's firing of his communications chiefs to his handling of Hurricane Maria.

Here are the 9 of the best ones:

SEE ALSO: 'Policy didn't work!': Trump tweets of North Korea after hinting at war

SEE ALSO: The ruble dives after Trump tweets 'Was Obama too soft on Russia?'

On White House chiefs of staff:

This Trump tweet from 2012 criticized former President Barack Obama for having three chiefs of staff in three years, but so far, Trump's White House has had a much faster turnover rate at two chiefs of staff in less than seven months.

On loyalty to directors of communication:

After throwing Sen. Ted Cruz under the bus for firing his "capable" communications director in early 2016, Trump did the same thing — twice — after becoming president himself.

On golfing too often:

Trump lashed out at Obama for golfing too much during his presidency — and then went golfing himself 67 times since his inauguration amid numerous national crises.

After Amazon announced in September that it will build a second headquarters in an undetermined location, more than 50 North American cities concocted bids to persuade the company to choose them.

The company's new campus, called HQ2, will bring 50,000 new jobs. Amazon will invest $5 billion in its construction, making the offer one of the largest corporate-civic opportunities in recent American history.

Proposals are not due until October 19, but many cities have already disclosed their plans to woo Amazon. And some are more extreme than others.

Here are a few of the most out-there bids.

SEE ALSO: A major Texas city wants Amazon to move its new headquarters to a dead shopping mall site

Dallas, Texas — A development that would surround a proposed station for a $15 billion bullet train

Developers from firms Matthews Southwest and Texas Central Partners are pitching a transit-oriented development for Amazon's HQ2 campus, according to Dallas Business Journal. It would surround a proposed station for a bullet train, which Dallas magazine reports is expected to cost $15 billion. Houston Mayor Sylvester Turner has formally expressed support for the train plan, which will likely happen with or without Amazon.

If fully approved by the city, the 240-mile line would transport passengers from Houston to Dallas in 90 minutes. Developers hope to start construction on the development by late 2018.

Dallas, Texas — The site of a former (nearly dead) shopping mall

One of the more telling proposals comes from three Dallas developers, who want Amazon — the e-commerce giant that pioneered the growth of online shopping — to move into the old site of the Valley View Mall.

Local outlet Dallas News reports that the proposal calls for the construction of a 500,000-square-foot office building, which would be a part of a larger 430-acre district.

The building's parking garage was demolished this summer, and now only a theater, a few art galleries, some pizza joints, and a smoothie shop remain.

Phoenix, Arizona — A proposal to move inside a renovated version of the city's first shopping mall

There seems to be a trend of cities proposing dilapidated shopping malls as the site for HQ2. Phoenix officials will likely pitch Park Central Mall to Amazon, according to multiple sources who spoke with the Phoenix Business Journal.

Park Central was the city's first mall when it opened in the 1950s. The mall's clothing stores shut down several years ago, and today, there is just a Starbucks, a few restaurants, offices, and a data center.

When Warren Buffett visits New York City, he has one go-to restaurant: Smith & Wollensky. 

Every year, people bid millions of dollars for a meal with Buffett at the famed steakhouse. This July, a bidder agreed to pay $2.68 million to a San Francisco charity for a lunch for seven with the Berkshire Hathaway CEO. 

We don't have millions of dollars to spend on a meal with Buffett. But, we were able to make a reservation at Smith & Wollensky ourselves. 

So, in an effort to eat like the famous investor, five Business Insider reports headed to Smith & Wollensky and told the staff to give us the Warren Buffet treatment.

Here's exactly how much the experience is actually worth. 

SEE ALSO: I ate like Warren Buffett for a week — and it was miserable

Smith & Wollensky is located in Midtown Manhattan, the center of New York's old power corridor. The name was actually picked at random from a New York City phone book. Founder Alan Stillman flipped the book open first to Smith, amongst the S's, then Wollensky, amongst the other W's.

As you can see, it was under construction when we visited — not quite the flawless exterior one would think would attract one of the richest men in the world. But, then again, Buffett is famously loyal to his culinary favorites.

The doorman should have been the first sign that we were in for an old-world experience. The restaurant was founded in 1977, but its stoic elegance makes it feel much older.

The English private school that educated princes William and Harry found a home in New York City this year.

Wetherby-Pembridge School, located on 96th street and the section of 5th Avenue deemed "Museum Mile," opened a branch of the school in New York and currently enrolls children in nursery, pre-kindergarten, and kindergarten classes. 

We visited the $45,500-a-year private school on an October afternoon. Below, take a tour of one of Manhattan's newest private preschools, which has ties to the royal family.

SEE ALSO: There's a tiny college outside Los Angeles where graduates out-earn Harvard and Stanford alums

Wetherby-Pembridge is located on the upper east side of Manhattan, on 96th street and 5th Avenue — just across the street from leafy Central Park.

We arrived at the school on a warm day in October and rang (what we thought to be) the bell at the front door.

We met Kate Bailey (left), the Wetherby-Pembridge head of school, for a tour.

We soon saw the signature uniform that all students wear. Girls wear plaid grey dresses and boys wear grey blazers. Boys wear a polo shirt under their blazers and then graduate to a shirt and tie in kindergarten.

Week 7 in college football was supposed to be a snooze-fest without a single matchup between ranked teams. But in what turned out to be a wacky weekend, we were quickly reminded that college football has a habit of being at its best when we least expect it.

Several top teams were upset. Several other top teams were nearly knocked off in surprisingly good games. A popular team wore eyebrow-raising uniforms. And college football's most-maligned coach may have saved his job.

Below we will take a look at the ten biggest developments out of this week's college football action.

Second-ranked Clemson lost to Syracuse, but are still OK

Prior to  Clemson's game on Friday, it looked like the Tigers were cruising to their third straight College Football Playoff. But then they went 3-12 on third downs, attempted a terrible fake punt, and lost to 3-3 Syracuse. Maybe more importantly, Clemson lost quarterback Kelly Bryant to an ugly concussion that appeared to leave him unconscious on the field. Clemson does have a bye week before facing Georgia Tech, but it is unclear if Bryant will be ready to play in that game.

As for the Tigers' chances to repeat as national champions, keep in mind that they lost at home to Pitt in mid-November a year ago. We have seen over and over that one loss does not eliminate a team from playoff contention, but Clemson does need to get back to the ACC title game and right now Syracuse holds the tiebreaker, assuming Clemson can get past North Carolina State who is currently atop the ACC Atlantic division.

3 other top-10 teams also lost, but only 1 has been eliminated from the College Football Playoff hunt.

No. 5 Washington lost to Arizona State on the road, No. 8 Washington State lost on the road to Cal on Friday night, and No. 10 Auburn lost on the road to LSU.

Of those, Auburn's loss was the most damaging. Not only did they blow a 20-0 first-half lead to a reeling LSU squad, but it was Auburn's second loss. Even if they could run the table — something that would require wins over No. 1 Alabama, No. 4 Georgia, Texas A&M on the road, and possibly Georgia again in the SEC title game — Auburn is not getting into the College Football Playoff with two losses.

Ed Orgeron may have saved his job on the same day LSU celebrated his predecessor.

After LSU lost at home to FCS school Troy, head coach Ed Orgeron was very much on the hot seat. But since then, the Tigers have beaten a pair of ranked teams in Florida and Auburn. In addition, Orgeron pulled off Saturday's big come-from-behind upset over Auburn on the same day the school honored Orgeron's predecessor, Les Miles, and his 2007 championship team. Miles danced around at halftime with the crystal ball trophy and even ate some grass. Any nostalgia fans felt for the Miles era was quickly washed away in the second half and probably saved Orgeron's job... for now.

Credit Suisse is out early with its forecasts for US stocks and the economy next year, and they are bullish. 

The firm's equity strategists see the S&P 500 rising to 2,987 by year-end, implying an annualized gain of about 11%. They forecast earnings-per-share growth of 6% to 7% over the next two years, from $130 this year to $147 in 2019.

"Our market views are predicated on a supportive economic backdrop, with benign recessionary risks and a pickup in near-term indicators," said the US equity strategists led by Jonathan Golub, in a note on Tuesday. "While we expect more muted longer-term growth, this has focused corporations on cost containment and the return of capital to shareholders, extended the business cycle and lowered discount rates."

Credit Suisse is also betting on the continued outperformance of favored sectors in 2017. The tech sector remains the team's favorite even though it's expensive relative to earnings. And, they expect financials to outperform due to deregulation. 

"Our forecasts are built upon the most historically important drivers of corporate profits and stock prices," Golub wrote. "That said, many things can alter the market’s path over the near term."

Trump policy

The group of stocks that would benefit the most from a corporate-tax cut surged after the election but slid only until recently. This suggests investors were doubtful about President Donald Trump's plan.

"We expect that the proposed tax plan will be difficult to pass, or will have less of an impact than hoped for," Golub said.

"While we believe that the market would initially applaud such actions, we anticipate that the investment conversation would quickly shift toward higher potential deficits and wage inflation, both negatives for stocks."

New Fed leadership

Trump said two weeks ago Friday that he would make an announcement on who will lead the Fed after Chair Janet Yellen's term ends in February. He is reportedly considering policy hawks including Kevin Warsh and John Taylor. 

"We believe that there are two key issues surrounding Yellen’s replacement that could unsettle the market: (1) a change in the perceived independence of the Fed, and (2) an end to the period of uber-dovish policy."

Volatility

Stocks have historically rallied when the CBOE Volatility Index is very low. 

"Market volatility has been extremely low throughout the recovery, with the VIX currently reading 9.7," Golub said. "This has led many pundits to characterize investors as complacent and the market vulnerable to a pullback. We disagree with these assertions."

Most professionals care what their colleagues and the higher-ups think of them.

That's because how people perceive you and your work is often the determining factor in whether or not you get a promotion, raise or access to leadership opportunities.

Unfortunately, there are a lot of elements that go into determining what your work reputation actually is, and they're not always easy to keep tabs on. The quality of your work matters of course, but the small actions you take each day add up to create a bigger picture about who you are.

Ahead, find the most common pitfalls that people don't realize are hurting them.

SEE ALSO: 8 ways you aren't impressing your boss

1. Saying yes to everything

It might seem like being game for anything and everything asked of you, despite being busy, is a surefire way to earn a stellar rep, but it can actually pigeonhole you into a specific job longer than you want to be there — and make you look a little too eager.

"If you always take on tasks, there will come a point in time when you become irreplaceable — and not in a good way," says Leonard Kim, managing partner of InfluenceTree, a personal branding accelerator that teaches you how to position your brand, get featured in publications and grow your social media following.

Oftentimes, when people say yes to every single task presented to them, they are seen as so "good" at their role that they become the only person who can do it. "They're never promoted because they have become the best person in the world at filling that job role," Kim explains. In a sense, they become so synonymous with the role, that they're no longer considered for opportunities to move up. So instead of biting off more than you can chew, stick to projects that interest you and that you realistically have time to do.

2. Getting too 'in the zone' at the office

There's nothing wrong with being focused, but it's important to take stock of how you act in your day-to-day. "If you're passing someone by, are you smiling? Do you say hi? Excuse me? Or do you seem rushed?" Kim asks. Sometimes, keeping your head down and your eyes on the prize can be mistaken for a negative outlook or an unfriendly attitude. "People take notice of all the small actions you make, so make sure you're aware of what you're doing and how it reflects on you."

3. Only caring what your boss thinks

"Your boss isn't the only person who matters at work," Kim says. "Your coworkers matter, too, and the last thing that you want them to do is to turn against you." So yes, it's good to impress your boss, but don't do it at the cost of alienating your colleagues.

Job interviews are tricky, so it helps to know what you're up against.

Researching the company extensively beforehand certainly helps. So does compiling some quality questions to ask.

You can also scour job sites like Glassdoor to try to compile and prepare for commonly asked questions.

Fortunately, some CEOs, recruiters, and HR representatives at top companies are quite open about the questions they like to put to candidates.

Here are some questions you might get during interviews at tech companies like Facebook, LinkedIn, and PayPal, according to the people asking them:

SEE ALSO: The 15 best states to find a job in 2017

DON'T MISS: 25 tricky job-interview questions the best companies in America are asking

'What are you doing on your best day?' — Facebook

This question is all about tapping into a candidate's motivations and drive. And there's no right answer.

"Whether it's meeting with clients, coding, or calculating a spreadsheet, it's going to be different for everyone," Facebook global head of recruiting Miranda Kalinowski previously told Business Insider. "That's the beauty of bringing all these people together."

'What are you most passionate about?' — LinkedIn

Not only will you be asked about your passions at LinkedIn — you'll be asked to sketch them out on a whiteboard.

LinkedIn's head of recruiting Brendan Browne previously told Business Insider's Rich Feloni the goal is to get candidates to be "really spontaneous" in order to see how well they communicate and how they deal with ambiguity.

'Tell me whether it is better to submit a project that's perfect and late, or one that's good and on time.' — IBM

Obed Louissant, the VP of HR for IBM Watson, prefers this tricky question.

"It's interesting when you get peoples' response to that,"he previously told Business Insider. "I don't have a right answer for it. I'm not looking for a right answer. I am more looking at the way in which the person explains and reasons why they answered the way they did."

High rents are forcing more and more people to live with roommates. The Census estimates that 5.8 million Americans currently have a roommate.

The benefits from living with another person vary from city to city. In some cities, it may not be worth the hassle.

In other places however, especially where homes are unaffordable, living with a roommate can save you thousands of dollars.

Below we rank the cities where living with a roommate can save you the most money.

In order to find the best places to live with a roommate, we compared the cost of renting a one-bedroom apartment with the cost of renting a two-bedroom. The difference between them was how we came up with our rankings. See our data and methodology below to see where we got our data and how we put it together.

This is SmartAsset's third annual study on how much a roommate saves you. Read the 2016 version here.

Key findings

• Big savings — Across our top 10, the average resident could save just under $10,000 per year by switching from living alone to living with a roommate.
• Costly California— California has five of the top 10 cities where it pays to live with a roommate. The Golden State is known for its expensive cities, especially around the Bay Area, so this isn't particularly surprising.
• Best places to live alone— If you really want to live alone and not feel guilty about the money you aren't saving, look at cities like Tucson, Arizona or Wichita, Kansas. In both those cities you save less than $250 per month by living with a roommate.

SEE ALSO: 7 essential tips to avoid the 'lifestyle creep' that keeps you from building wealth

1. San Francisco, California: $1,122 average savings

San Francisco is the best city in the country to buddy up. According to our data, the average one-bedroom apartment costs $3,420 per month and the average two-bedroom costs $4,597. If you and a friend split the cost of that two-bedroom apartment, you would both end up paying around $2,299 per month. That is $1,122 less per month than paying for the average one-bedroom.

2. New York, New York: $990 average savings

New York City properties are notoriously expensive. If you are living in New York and want to rent a one-bedroom apartment, you are looking at paying $2,728 per month. Our data shows that by moving to a two-bedroom and living with someone you could save just under $1,000 per month.

Finding a roommate in New York shouldn't be too difficult either. There are over 8 million people living in the Big Apple and there are plenty of websites to find roommates.

3. Boston, Massachusetts: $920 average savings

Beantown moves up from fourth last year to third this year. We estimate that by living with a roommate you can save about $920 per month. By saving $920 per month you can get a head start on your financial goals, like saving up for a down payment on your home orsetting up a fund for retirement

Working long hours has become a status symbol in the US.

Sometimes that example is set by a company's top executives, who are in the office from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m., then sending emails until midnight.

But some execs are forging a different path, showing the importance of work-life balance by limiting their hours in the office. Below, find six execs who have spoken publicly about their commitment to leaving their desk at a reasonable hour.

True, most of these execs log on before and/or after they're physically in the office, but they value flexibility in terms of hours and location — not only for themselves, but also for their employees.

SEE ALSO: A Google exec who's only in the office from 9 to 5:30 shares the routine that keeps him from becoming a workaholic

Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg leaves the office at 5:30 p.m. sharp every day.

"I walk out of this office every day at 5:30 so I'm home for dinner with my kids at 6," Sandberg said in a 2012 Makers interview.

According to Fortune, Sandberg sometimes gets to the office by 7 a.m. — and she's already been sending emails for an hour. And after the kids are in bed or the night, she'll generally head back to her inbox.

In the 2012 interview, Sandberg said it took her a while to feel "brave enough" to talk about his practice publicly.

VMware CEO Pat Gelsinger earns 'points' for getting home by 5 p.m.

Years before joining VMware, Gelsinger worked at Intel, where he'd regularly log 80-hour workweeks.

But for the past 25 ears, Gelsinger told The Wall Street Journal, his secretary has kept a chart tracking the points he earns based on how much time he spends with his family.

Here's an example of how it works: If he arrives home by 6:30 p.m., he earns a point. If he arrives home by 5 p.m., he earns two points. If he's away from home on the weekend, he has points deducted.

Gelsinger, who is the author of the 2003 book "The Juggling Act: Bringing Balance to Your Faith, Family, and Work," said the rules have changed somewhat since his kids left home.

"If you have kids, 6 to 9 p.m. is gold. Do not squander it. You might get back on email at 9 p.m., or be doing Javascript at midnight, but make sure you carve those hours out [for family time] and protect those," Gelsinger told Business Insider's Julie Bort.

Zillow Group CEO Spencer Rascoff tries to be home by 7 p.m. every night.

In a 2017 interview with Glassdoor, Rascoff said that at 7 p.m., "I am almost always with the kids and my wife unless I’m on a business trip. At 7 p.m., I am usually running around my house chasing my three young kids and two dogs and trying to turn mayhem into order."

Rascoff also wrote an article for Fortune in which he explained why he doesn't expect Zillow employees to be working 24/7, like he did in the early days of Hotwire, the company he cofounded in 1999. Instead, Rascoff wrote that Zillow understands "each of us is a whole person and lives for more than just our jobs."

LONDON – The most noticeable economic impact of Brexit on the average Brit in the past year has been the monumental drop in the value of the pound since the vote.

Holidays have become more expensive and imported goods have gone up in price.

Sterling witnessed the largest single intraday drop against the dollar in its history the morning after Britain voted to leave the EU in June last year.

The pound continued to slide for several months afterwards, with wild swings in value, a flash crash, and moves driven by political developments.

Then the market calmed down, Brexit stopped taking a toll on sterling, and everything seemed to getting back to normal. But as Brexit talks start to falter — reaching "deadlock" last week — the pound is in focus once again.

There now seems to be a genuinely possibility that Britain will end up with the hardest possible Brexit, in which it drops out of the EU without any sort of deal, reverting to WTO trade terms.

If that scenario were to come to pass, it seems almost inevitable that the pound would drop even further, breaking new records for its lowest modern levels against the dollar, and possibly reaching parity against the euro for the first time in history.

Business Insider looked at the forecasts for the pound of five analysts at major financial institutions in the event of a soft Brexit. This week, we've taken the same analysts and provided their predictions for a hard Brexit in which the UK drops out of the EU without a trade deal.

Most of the five predict that sterling will drop to a range between $1.10 and $1.20. The lowest end of that spectrum would represent a 17% drop from current levels — which already mark a more than 10% from sterling's pre-referendum high.

Check out the forecasts below.

JPMorgan Asset Management: $1.15 by the end of 2019

Forecast: $1.15 by the end of 2019, the pound and the euro will hit parity

Analyst: Roger Hallam, currency chief investment Officer at JPMorgan Asset Management

What they say: If Britain fails to secure a trade deal with the EU and drops into WTO rules, it could underestimate "the complications of trading on purely WTO terms," which in turn could lead to a "sharp drop in exports, business investment, confidence." This, Hallam says, might mean the UK flirting with a recession, and cause the Bank of England to cut interest rates to 0%, "reversing hikes delivered during late 2017/early 2018."

All of these factors, Hallam believes, would drive sterling to parity with the euro, and just 1.15 against the dollar.

ING: $1.15

Forecast: $1.15

Analyst: Viraj Patel, FX Strategist at ING.

What they say: "For GBP's politically-driven weakness to persist and extend all the way towards parity against the EUR (and GBP/USD to 1.15), we would argue that 'hard Brexit' risks would need to notch up another gear.

In reality, the only way this could occur over the next six months is if we get a nightmare Brexit scenario in October - that is a complete breakdown of UK-EU negotiations and the tail risk of a cliff-edge Brexit becoming the central scenario. Worth noting that we also forecast implicit EUR weakness under this scenario; certainly the EZ economy – as well as ECB normalisation prospects – would take a hit under any cliff-edge Brexit outcome."

HSBC: Around $1.10

Forecast: Around $1.10

Analysts: Dominic Bunning, David Bloom, and Daragh Maher

What they say:  "The UK government has argued at times that no deal is better than a bad deal, but we would expect no deal to be a very bad deal for GBP. The uncertainty unleashed regarding every aspect of the UK’s relationship with the EU (Article 50 states that EU treaties will cease to apply to the UK at the end of the negotiating period) would be enormous.

"This would of course affect the treatment of trade in goods and services, but it would also touch on numerous other areas including citizens’ rights, air travel and the Irish border for example. We would expect GBP-USD to trade around 1.10 under this ‘no-deal’ scenario, below the lows seen during the flash crash of October 2016."

The Trump administration's tax plan is once again at the forefront of the news cycle.

Framework for a tax plan released by the "Big Six" offers insight into the types of cuts the White House wants, including a lowering of the 35% corporate rate.

But some companies already pay significantly less than that, as seen by a list compiled by Credit Suisse analysts of the companies that pay the lowest tax rates in the US.

Here are the 13 companies with the lowest effective US tax rate, according to Credit Suisse.

SEE ALSO: 

11. XL Group

Ticker: XL

Effective Tax Rate: 4.8%

Sector: Financials

Year-to-Date Performance: +7.66%

Source: Standard & Poor's, FactSet, Credit Suisse

10. IHS Markit

Ticker: INFO

Effective Tax Rate: 4.4%

Sector: Industrials

Year-to-Date Performance: +23.06%

Source: Standard & Poor's, FactSet, Credit Suisse

9. Micron Technology

Ticker: MU

Effective Tax Rate: 3.7%

Sector: Technology

Year-to-Date Performance: +79.68%

Source: Standard & Poor's, FactSet, Credit Suisse

It will take 170 years to close the gender pay gap around the world completely, according to the World Economic Forum.

In the UK, female managers earn £12,000 less than their male counterparts, according to new research published in September.

An infographic from business e-card specialist Ecard Shack shows which countries score best for gender equality, in order to predict which nations will be next to close the gender pay gap.

Using data from the World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Report, Business Insider has pulled together a list of the countries around the world with the largest gender pay gaps.

The Global Gender Gap Report compares attitudes towards gender equality around the world, considering factors such as educational opportunities available to each gender, life expectancy, literacy rates, the number of women in professional positions, and in positions of power in each country.

The WEF surveyed men and women in 135 countries on the extent to which wages for women are equal to those of men in their country, asking them to use a scale of one to seven. Seven indicated a fully equal salary — thus a non-existent pay gap — while one declared that pay was not at all equal, with a woman's pay totalling significantly less than a man's in a similar job role.

Rwanda ranked first in the world for residents' opinions towards the gender pay gap, scoring 6.14 out of seven. The UK came 41st out of the 135 participating countries, scoring 4.72, while the US scored 4.57, coming in at 66th place.

Scroll on to discover the 15 countries with the biggest gender pay gap according to its residents, ranked in ascending order.

The list also includes each country's overall gender quality score, which indicates how much each country has worked towards closing its gender pay gap — with a score of 1 indicating full gender parity — though this figure had no impact on our ranking. 

=14. Slovakia — Ranking 94th overall thanks to the equal level of education attained by both boys and girls, Slovakia only scored 3.75 out of seven for its gender pay gap.

Gender pay gap score: 3.75

Rank: 121st

Overall score: 0.679

=14. Bangladesh — Bangladesh ranked poorly for both gender wage equality (3.75) female literacy (58%), reaching 122nd and 114th place in these respective fields.

Gender pay gap score: 3.75

Rank: 122nd

Overall score: 0.698

13. Morocco — Morocco ranked 137th out of 144 countries for gender equality overall and scored 3.74 for wage equality, thus ranking amongst the worst nations for both.

Gender pay gap score: 3.74

Rank: 123rd

Overall score: 0.597

Austria's right-leaning parties won big in the country's legislative elections on Sunday.

The conservative People's Party (OVP) came first with 31.4% of the vote. It was followed by the nationalist Freedom Party (FPO) with 27.4% and the centre-right Social Democratic Party (SPO) with 26.7%, according to preliminary results from the country's interior ministry.

The OVP, which came second in the last elections in 2013, is about 30 seats away from a parliamentary majority, according to current estimates. It's widely believed that it will form a coalition with the FPO, which would pave the way to a right-wing, heavily anti-immigrant Austrian parliament.

If the results are confirmed, then 31-year-old OVP leader Sebastian Kurz will become the Austrian Chancellor and the world's youngest national leader. Scroll down to learn more about him.

This is 31-year-old Sebastian Kurz, the leader of Austria's conservative People's Party, also known as the OVP.

He's also currently the country's foreign minister, having been appointed at 27. Here he is with then-US Secretary of State John Kerry in October 2015.

He took over the OVP leadership this May, aged just 30 at the time.

He was appointed acting party leader in May after former chairman and Austrian Chancellor Reinhold Mitterlehner stepped down, and formally elected leader with 98.7% of the votes at a party convention in July, Politico reported. The same convention also voted to give more power to the party leader.

After becoming leader, Kurz changed the OVP's official colour from black to greenish-blue.

Most people don't have the time to watch everything on TV, but this fall that's not a huge problem, since there aren't too many standouts.

This fall, HBO and Netflix scored hits with critically acclaimed new shows "The Deuce" and "American Vandal." But unfortunately there have been some stinkers, too (especially on CBS and ABC).

If you've run out of good TV to watch, or just want to catch up on new shows people are talking about, we took to ratings aggregator Rotten Tomatoes to rank the best (and worst) shows of fall 2017. 

Along with the critic ranking, we included the Rotten Tomatoes audience ranking, and show descriptions courtesy of IMDB. 

Here are the best (and worst) TV shows of fall 2017 so far, ranked according to Rotten Tomatoes:

SEE ALSO: Every HBO show ranked from worst to best, according to critics

20. "Marvel's Inhumans"— ABC

Critic score: 8%

Audience score: 51%

Description: An isolated community of super humans fight to protect themselves.

19. "9JKL"— CBS

Critic score: 17%

Audience score: 16%

Description: "9JKL" follows a time in Mark Feuerstein's adult life when he lived in apartment 9K in the building he grew up in, sandwiched between his parents' apartment, 9J, and his brother, sister-in-law, and their baby's apartment, 9L, and his attempts to set boundaries with his intrusive, but well-meaning family.

18. "The Orville"— Fox

Critic score: 20%

Audience score: 91%

Description: "The Orville" follows the crew of the not-so-functional exploratory ship in the Earth's interstellar fleet, 400 years in the future.

The INSIDER Summary:

• Cooking and hosting Thanksgiving dinner can be stressful.
• Between turkey, mashed potatoes, stuffing, and many more side dishes, it can be overwhelming to determine an efficient cooking schedule. 
• INSIDER worked with Dan Holzman, chef and co-owner of The Meatball Shop, to come up with a Thanksgiving timeline that will help you figure out when to start cooking every dish.
• Keep reading for our detailed timeline and prep schedule. 

Thanksgiving is one of the most important holidays of the year in the US, at least when it comes to food.

Hosting Thanksgiving dinner can be stressful no matter how many guests you're expecting, given that there's a seemingly endless menu of classic side dishes, pies, and of course, a huge turkey. 

INSIDER spoke with Dan Holzman, chef and co-owner of The Meatball Shop mini chain in New York City, about the best way to plan out your Thanksgiving menu, as well as when you should start cooking each dish.

"If you are the type of person that loves to get stuff out of the way, there are a bunch of dishes and prep work that you can do ahead of time," Holzman said. "But from an efficiency perspective, there's a lot of down time in between roasting a turkey or even making mashed potatoes." 

Here's what you should be prepping beforehand: 

One week before:

• Make and refrigerate cranberry sauce.
• Prepare turkey or vegetable stock (if you are using homemade).

The day before:

• Bake all desserts, including pies.
• For stuffing, prepare dried bread one to two days in advance.

With proper planning, however, it's possible to make a full dinner primarily the day of. It's also possible to avoid most of the hassle and stress typically associated with the food-centric holiday.  

With that being said, keep reading for our timeline of when you should cook every dish for Thanksgiving dinner.

1. Cranberry sauce

When you should start cooking: About a week before Thanksgiving.

Cranberry sauce will last up to a week and a half in the refrigerator, so it's the perfect dish to prepare in advance.

Plus, making cranberry sauce requires giving it several hours to cool down to achieve the right texture, as "the thickening process happens when [cranberry sauce] cools," according to Holzman. 

2. Pies

When you should start cooking: The day before Thanksgiving.

Pies may be the last dish that you'll eat on Thanksgiving, but they can be one of the first menu items that you prepare. Baking pies the night before Thanksgiving is an easy way to get ahead and avoid stress on Thanksgiving day. 

"The oven space on Thanksgiving is the number one commodity," Holzman said.

Since pies require precious oven space and very specific temperatures, it's best to prepare desserts ahead of time.

3. Turkey

When you should start cooking: Season the turkey the night before, and start cooking it Thanksgiving morning.

While it's best to actually cook your turkey on Thanksgiving day, Holzman recommends seasoning your turkey the night before. Since it's the main event, the turkey should be the first dish you start cooking in the morning. 

"The resting process is an absolutely imperative part of the cooking process," Holzman said. Most people overcook their turkeys in the oven and overlook letting them rest, rendering the final product dry and rubbery.

By taking your turkey out of the oven before it is fully cooked, you'll allow the heat to redistribute, allowing heat from the outside to seep in, leaving you with a perfectly cooked, juicy turkey, Holzman explained. 

To finish off the process, Holzman suggests carving the turkey, and then broiling it in the oven to complete cooking and crisp the skin.