The Insider Picks team writes about stuff we think you'll like. Business Insider has affiliate partnerships, so we get a share of the revenue from your purchase.

• Sleep is important, and pillows are one of the key ingredients for getting a good night's rest.

• There are a ton of memory foam pillows out there, but the Coop Home Goods memory foam pillow is the best one you can buy because it suits all sleepers and adjusts to fit your needs.

When you think of upgrading your bed, you probably think about getting a new mattress or maybe a new sheet set. The humble pillow, however, plays a seriously important role in getting a good night's sleep. Having a good pillow can be the difference between waking up unable to move your head, and waking up feeling refreshed and ready for the day.

Of course, there are plenty of pillows to choose from. We've already highlighted the best pillows overall, but these days, many people prefer to go for a memory foam pillow over any other kind of pillow — and for good reason. Memory foam pillows are better at contouring to your specific needs and keeping your spine aligned, which is much better for your neck in the long run.

There are, however, a number of things to consider before you pull the trigger on a memory foam pillow. For starters, you’ll want to think about the position that you most often sleep in – on your back, your side, your stomach, or all three. Your sleeping position will help inform the thickness and shape of the memory foam pillow that’s best for you.

You’ll also want to think about the type of memory foam that you want to have inside your pillow. Options include a slab of memory foam contoured to your head and neck or shredded memory foam that will adapt to whatever you need it to feel like.

Here are our top picks for the best memory foam pillows you can buy:

• Best overall: Coop Home Goods Memory Foam Pillow
• Best for less than $50: Brooklyn Bedding Shredded Foam Pillow
• Best for side sleepers: Bear Pillow
• Best contoured pillow: Sleep Innovations Contour Pillow
• Best wedge pillow: InteVision Foam Wedge Pillow

Updated on 10/30/2018 by Kylie Joyner: Updated prices, formatting, and added the Brooklyn Bedding pillow for an under $50 pick.

Read on in the slides below to learn more about our top picks.

SEE ALSO: The best pillows you can buy for your bed

The best memory foam pillow overall

Why you'll love it: The Coop Home Goods Memory Foam Pillow is fully customizable to your needs because you can take out some of the shredded memory foam to reach the perfect level of comfort.

The Coop Home Goods memory foam pillow is largely considered to be the most versatile and comfortable pillow you can buy — period. It's filled with shredded memory foam that you can take out or put into the pillow to adjust the thickness and firmness, so it’s totally customizable to your needs. It's also our top pillow pick overall in our pillow buying guide.

Inside the pillow, you’ll find Coop Home Goods’ propriety mix of shredded visco elastic memory foam which you can add or remove depending on your needs. The pillow comes with plenty of foam, too, so even those who prefer really thick pillows should be fine with what the Coop Home Goods memory foam pillow has to offer.

Thanks to the fact that the pillow has shredded foam, it is also quite a bit more breathable than most memory foam pillows, so those of you who tend to get hot at night should be all right.

The pillow is also hypoallergenic, comes with a five-year warranty, and is machine washable. It’s not perfect, though. While Sleepopolis gave the pillow a hefty 4.6/5 in its review, it did note that there is a slight smell to the pillow for the first few days, though that smell will eventually go away. Still, that’s a small thing to keep in mind.

Perhaps the best thing about the pillow is that it offers excellent value for money. A queen-sized memory foam pillow costs $54.99, and you can save $5 for a so-called “standard” size or pay an extra $5 for a “king size” pillow.

Pros: Adjustable, breathable, relatively inexpensive

Cons: Gives off slight smell for first few days of use

Buy the Coop Home Goods memory foam pillow from Coop for $59.99

Buy the Coop Home Goods memory foam pillow on Amazon for $59.99 - $64.99 (price varies by size)

The best shredded memory foam pillow for less than $50

Why you'll love it: The Brooklyn Bedding Premium Shredded Foam pillow is ideal for side and stomach sleepers looking for a sub-$50 pillow that doesn’t sacrifice quality or comfort.

Brooklyn Bedding is known for selling American-made mattresses, but the company also offers bedding accessories, including excellent memory foam pillows. The Premium Shredded Foam pillow claims to offer the “best value” along with “cloud-like comfort with contoured support.”  I put it to the test to see if the description rang true.

When I first removed the pillow from the box it was shipped in, it seemed flat and shapeless. I was skeptical at first, but within a few hours of being out of the box, the shredded memory foam inside took shape and the pillow filled out nicely.

The pillow also comes with a removable cover that is machine washable, moisture wicking, and anti-microbial for a more hygienic sleep environment. You can definitely put a pillow case over the cover if you’d like, but I also liked having the option of sleeping directly on the cover. I found it to be both soft and comfortable, and didn’t find myself overheating at all while sleeping on it.

The pillow itself unzips so you can remove some of the foam as needed if you find it to be too thick. Personally, it was the perfect height for my sleeping positions, and I found no need to adjust the loft. The inside is made up of shredded memory foam and latex, and is designed to draw heat out and away from your head as you sleep.

I’m a restless sleeper, and switch from my side to my stomach frequently during the night. I liked how the pillow adapted to whatever position I was in, and it molded to my head and neck nicely. I also tend to sleep warm, but had no issues with feeling overheated during the night.

Typically, once I fall into a deeper sleep, I end up on my stomach for much of the night, and it can be challenging to find a pillow that offers enough support without being too thick and causing my neck to ache. With this pillow, I had support without feeling like my neck was arched at an uncomfortable angle. If you are a back sleeper, you may find that this pillow doesn’t offer quite enough support on its own.

However, when my boyfriend placed it on top of another pillow, he found it to be the perfect combination. He felt that he slept better — and cooler — than he has in the past with lower quality polyester filled pillows. We both like this pillow so much we’ve agreed that we need to get another one so we can each have one of our own — a much better alternative than having a pillow fight (pun definitely intended).

We aren’t the only ones who love the Premium Shredded Foam pillow. It’s labeled as an Amazon’s Choice product, thanks to the high number of positive reviews it has received, coupled with its affordability.

Reviewers love its affordable price point, the ability to adjust the loft, and how soft and supportive it is. It also comes in King and Queen sizes so you can find the perfect fit for you and your bed.— Kylie Joyner

Pros: Affordable, soft yet supportive for side and stomach sleepers, height can be adjusted, comes with machine washable case,

Cons: May not offer enough support on its own for back sleepers

Buy the Brooklyn Bedding Premium Shredded Foam Pillow for $39.99 and up

The best memory foam pillow for side sleepers

Why you'll love it: The Bear Pillow is not too firm, not too soft, and capped at both ends with a mesh panel that maintains airflow and keeps it cool the whole night.

The Bear Pillow's signature Loft-X Foam isn’t quite as firm or stiff as a lot of other memory foam pillows, which prevents it from leaving you with a crooked neck in the morning.

The Bear Pillow also comes with a removable, washable hypoallergenic/anti-microbial cover, which sure, you could buy separately, but it’s a nice inclusion.

This is a great pillow for those who sleep hot, and users claim to actually be able to feel air passing through the pillow, which suggests that the mesh panels are doing their job. The pillow also feels cold to the touch, thanks to its yarn, which The Bear Mattress company calls “double ice fabric.”

The review section of the company’s website is littered with extremely enthusiastic 5-star reviews. One woman referred to her husband as a “fireball,” and said that until they bought a Bear Pillow, he’d wake up with a ring of sweat around him.

Countless reviewers report being amazed at how cool to the touch the pillow is, and one person in particular deftly pointed out that the pillow and its vents lose their ability to perform their job with a pillowcase over them, so they choose to sleep on the hypoallergenic slipcover (which, again, is removable and washable).

The experts over at Sleepopolis endorses the Bear Pillow, calling it “an even balance between plush and firm” that provides “comfort for any sleep position,” and Sleep Sherpa is a fan, too. — Owen Burke

Pros: Cooling, well-balanced between plushness and firmness

Cons: May be best without a pillow case, which might not look so good on your bed, not easily bunched up or reshaped (if you like to fold your pillow)

Buy the Bear Pillow (with hypoallergenic/anti-microbial slipcover) at Bear for $95.00

Like many gamers who have plunged headfirst into the impressively immersive world of "Red Dead Redemption 2," I have been scarred for life by the death of my horse.

In "Red Dead Redemption 2" you play as Arthur Morgan, an outlaw roaming through the American wilderness in 1899. Needless to say, your horse is pretty essential to tooling around looking for trains to rob.

I named my first horse Minty, and since the game rewards bonding with your horse by giving it improved health and stamina, I spent time dutifully brushing him, patting him, and feeding him sugar lumps.

Then the unthinkable happened. While beating a speedy retreat from the law, I rode Minty headlong into a tree. Then into another tree. Then off a small cliff.

As Minty lay dying, the game informed me I could not revive him, and I had to put him out of his misery. The experience was traumatic, but I was comforted to find out that I'm not the only one to lose my horse in unfortunate circumstances.

The cinematic camera is deadly for horses.

"Red Dead Redemption" has a feature which switches the camera angle to look like an epic, sweeping movie. The only problem: It makes steering a little tricky.

Actually a lot tricky...

Tweet Embed:
//twitter.com/mims/statuses/1056511896210280450?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw
Switch to the cinematic camera they said #RedDeadRedemption2pic.twitter.com/WQUNlsN821

Especially when trains come out of nowhere.

Tweet Embed:
//twitter.com/mims/statuses/1056590427036495872?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw
#RedDeadRedemption2#XboxShare. So this is what happens in cinematic mode pmsl pic.twitter.com/1pOhSYd5kR

The Insider Picks team writes about stuff we think you'll like. Business Insider has affiliate partnerships, so we get a share of the revenue from your purchase.

• False eyelashes are an easy and inexpensive way to give your lashes a boost without piling on mascara.

• The Ardell Demi Wispies Fake Eyelashes are our top pick because they are an affordable option that will give you longer and more voluminous eyelashes while still looking natural.

If you’ve always dreamed of having “look-at-me-lashes,” then it’s time to invest in a great pair of false eyelashes. It doesn’t matter if you want to give your lash line a simple boost with a natural-looking set or prefer the look of over-the-top dramatic lashes, falsies are the easiest way to up the glam factor on any beauty look.

Unlike mascara that can clump or smear, false lashes will always remain perfectly curled and separated, even through tears. They also make for an easy clean up as you’ll no longer have black mascara streaks running across your face as you remove your makeup.

Besides making your eyes look more defined and glamorous, using false lashes can also help strengthen your own natural lashes. Some ingredients in mascaras can often leave your lashes brittle and weak. So by giving your natural lashes a break from using mascara everyday, it allows them to grow thicker, longer, and stronger.

With so many options on the market, finding the right falsies can feel overwhelming. So we did the research to find the best-reviewed false lashes you can buy. Whether you want traditional lash strips, magnetic options, or even individual lashes, we've got you covered.

Here are the best false eyelashes you can buy:

• Best false eyelashes overall: Ardell Demi Wispies Fake Eyelashes
• Best celebrity-approved false eyelashes: Huda Beauty Classic False Lashes
• Best individual false eyelashes: Sephora Collection Luxe False Lashes
• Best magnetic false eyelashes: Vassoul Duel Magnetic Eyelashes
• Best false eyelashes set: Velour Lashes Effortless Kit

Read on in the slides below to check out our top picks.

The best false eyelashes overall

Why you'll love them: The Ardell Demi Wispies Fake Eyelashes are a cult favorite because they are affordable, reusable, and easy to apply and remove.

Ardell has been a go-to source for false lashes for make-up artists, editors, and beauty fanatics alike, since 1971. The company has more than 200 different lashes ranging from natural to colored and even rhinestone-encrusted, but the Demi Wispies Fake Eyelashes are the best.

Not only are the lashes incredibly lightweight and real looking, but they are also attached to a clear flexible band, making it easy to apply and invisible against the eyelid. The falsies make your eyelashes look longer and fuller in a very natural way. Plus, they can easily transition into a more glamorous eye for big nights out, if you add a bit of mascara.

The lashes have a 4-star rating on Amazon with more than 1,600 reviews. One shopper named Cindy raved, “Love, love, love these lashes. They are a perfect balance between natural and glamour. These are definitely my go-to lashes for my night outs or casually around town. Cannot be more happy with my purchase. Will continue to repurchase!”

Each pack comes with four sets of false lashes, that can be re-worn anywhere from four to six times each, depending on how you clean and store them. Unfortunately, you will have to purchase lash glue separately.

Pros: Lightweight, clear flexible band, easy to apply and remove, reusable, affordable, natural looking

Cons: You have to buy glue separately

Buy the Ardell Demi Wispies Fake Eyelashes on Amazon for $9.97 (originally $12)

The best false eyelashes that celebrities swear by

Why you'll love them: Want to wear false lashes that are worn by celebrities? Opt for the Huda Beauty Classic False Lashes.

Huda Kattan was an accomplished beauty blogger and makeup artist before she launched her own makeup line Huda Beauty in 2013. While the line now features everything from foundations to eyeshadow palettes and lipsticks, the company first became an overnight success thanks to the popularity of its false eyelashes.

The brand’s falsies become incredibly popular after being worn by several celebrities including Kim Kardashian and her famous sisters. The lashes are not only beloved by the Kardashian’s makeup artists but also by Huda’s 28 million Instagram followers as well.

The Huda Beauty Classic False Lashes now come in 16 different varieties ranging from natural to dramatic. Based on buyer comments on Sephora, the Samantha set, which offers medium volume with a natural style, is by far the most popular option among shoppers.

The vegan, cruelty-free lashes are made from synthetic fibers and a lightweight cotton band that easily blends in with your natural lash line. They are very durable and can be re-worn up to 15 times.

The line of false lashes has a 3.8-star rating with more than 140,000 likes on Sephora. One shopper wrote, “These lashes are amazing quality! I've used these so many times I can't even keep count. They look amazing in pictures, and even more amazing in real life. I don't know what else to say, but I will totally purchase different styles.”

Reviewers did note that while you can use any lash glue on the falsies, they felt application was easiest when they used the Huda Beauty Lash Glue, which is sold separately for $13.

Pros: Celebrity favorite, vegan and cruelty-free, durable, reusable up to 15 times

Cons: Pricey

Buy the Huda Beauty Classic False Lashes at Sephora for $20

The best individual false eyelashes

Why you'll love them: Looking for a way to enhance your lashes in a subtle way? The Sephora Collection Luxe False Lashes will do just the trick.

Unlike strip lashes which can look bulky and unnatural if applied wrong, individual lashes allow the user to have control over how thick or thin they want every area of their lash line to look.

The Sephora Collection Luxe False Lashes are a high-quality set of individual lashes that are incredibly soft and lightweight. They are made from natural hair fibers so they will blend in seamlessly with your natural eyelashes.

Each set comes with 36 individual lashes at varying lengths so you can mix short, medium, and long lengths to achieve natural-looking volume. The lashes made it on Refinery29’s list of best false lashes and they have a 3.8 out of 5-star rating on Sephora.

One reviewer wrote, “They felt amazing when I put them on, and most people thought they were my natural lashes. I love them and how they make me look.” Shoppers did note that unlike lash strips, individual lashes are a time commitment so only apply these when you have plenty of time to get ready.

Pros: High-quality, very soft and lightweight, control of how thick or thin your lashes will be, mix of lengths

Cons: Time commitment

Buy the Sephora Collection Luxe False Lashes at Sephora for $12

Halloween started early this year with a bunch of celebrity parties held over the weekend. INSIDER has combed through the looks to find the standout costumes for 2018. 

Keep reading to see the best looks celebrities came up with for this year. We'll continue to update this story through the week. 

Joe Jonas dressed up as fiancé Sophie Turner's "Game of Thrones" character, Sansa Stark.

You can sere more photos of him with Turner dressed as an elephant on Instagram here. 

George Clooney wore two costumes at the Casamigos Halloween Party in Beverly Hills.

Clooney showed up to the party as a pilot and then appeared in a moose costume. In the past, Clooney joked about wanting a moose as a pet.

Kendall Jenner went as the "Austin Powers" fembot to the same party.

Jenner shared more photos of her costume, along with her Austin Powers sidekick, on Instagram.

"The Haunting of Hill House" is quickly becoming a fan favorite, with everyone from film and TV critics to famous horror author Stephen King praising the new horror series. In interviews with various entertainment outlets, the show's director, writer, and producer Mike Flanagan, as well as the cast, has revealed many secrets about the show's journey from page to screen.

Here's what you should know.

This post contains spoilers for "The Haunting of Hill House."

The story has been adapted for film before.

Back in 1963, screenwriter Nelson Gidding adapted Jackson's novel into the screenplay for the film "The Haunting," with Julie Harris and Claire Bloom, directed by Robert Wise.

In the early '90s, Stephen King pitched a remake of "The Haunting of Hill House" to Steven Spielberg, under the name "Rose Red."

A complete script was written, but Spielberg wanted more action scenes, while King argued for more horror. After they mutually agreed to put the project on hold, King bought back the rights to the script, revised the story, and pitched it to producer Mark Carliner. It eventually aired as a miniseries called "Rose Red" in 2002.

Then, in 1999, the story was adapted again, into another film of the same name. Renowned horror director Wes Craven started to work on the project but eventually left. The final version of the film starred Liam Neeson and Catherine Zeta-Jones and was directed by Jan de Bont.

This isn't director Mike Flanagan's first experience with horror.

Mike Flanagan, who created, wrote, and directed "The Haunting of Hill House" for Netflix, has made a name for himself with hit horror films including "Oculus,""Hush,""Before I Wake,""Ouija: Origin of Evil," and "Gerald's Game." He's also slated to direct the upcoming "The Shining" sequel, "Doctor Sleep."

The cast was disturbed while shooting because the show was "grounded in reality."

In an interview with Spot, actor Oliver Jackson-Cohen, who plays the adult Luke, said that the show is "grounded in reality."

"We are talking about ghosts and floating tall people and people with bent necks and all of these ghosts, but actually you swap that out for anything else traumatic as a child, and it kind of holds up," Jackson-Cohen said. "What's more terrifying is the state that this family is in and the dynamics and how these events have completely shattered and completely changed the course of every single sibling's life."

• Reuters followed a migrant mother and her two sons as they traveled with the caravan through Mexico. 
• Glenda Escobar, 33, and her boys Adonai, five years old, and Denzel, eight, joined the caravan on October 14, leaving Honduras behind and heading for Los Angeles.
• The family traveled about 30 miles a day, on average.
• If she and her boys were lucky, a passing car or minivan would give them a ride, and at a point went more than 12 hours without food or water. 

PIJIJIAPAN, Mexico (Reuters) - Just past 4 a.m., under a star-streaked sky, the Central American migrants shouldered their bags and picked over broken sidewalks, - first as a trickle, then as a flood - to the edge of the Mexican town.

They walked straight, without hesitation. Few spoke much. Their compass point was north, towards the United States.

Their goal for the day was Pijijiapan. The town, 30 miles away, was the next stop on a trek by thousands in a caravan that has so enraged U.S. President Donald Trump he has threatened to close the U.S.-Mexico border and slash aid to Central America.

Honduran boys Adonai, 5, and Denzel, 8, set off from Mapastepec still fogged with sleep. Their mother, Glenda Escobar, 33, clutched her youngest's hand. Her friend, Maria, held onto Denzel's T-shirt.

No-one had a torch. Potholes were treacherous. Only the floodlights of the odd truck in the opposite lane of the highway helped them see a few feet at a time.

Within minutes, a young man lay on his back, hugging his knee to his chest. He'd smashed his ankle on a rock, he said, and was in too much pain to stand. The single mother and her boys strode past, keeping pace with the long train of people.

Her ultimate destination: Los Angeles, a city where she knows no one. "It's because in my dreams, God told me that's where he's sending me," she said.

Trump, who campaigned against illegal immigration to win the 2016 U.S. presidential vote, has seized on this caravan in the run-up to the Nov. 6 mid-term congressional elections, firing up support for his Republican Party.

Yet its members make up a fraction of the hundreds of thousands of people who every year flee violence and poverty in Central America for the United States.

Estimates on the size of the caravan vary from around 3,500 to more than double that. Some migrants have abandoned the journey, deterred by the hardships or the possibility of making a new life in Mexico. Others joined it in southern Mexico.

Escobar kneaded her shin. Agile and slight, she used to exercise regularly back home in the crime-wracked city of San Pedro Sula.

But even the hardiest would have struggled to cover about 30 miles every day since she joined the caravan on Oct. 14.

If she and her boys were lucky, a passing car or minivan would give them a ride before the sun turned the day from sticky warm to sticky hot.

Soon the boys watched wide-eyed as dozens, mainly young men, sprinted for the backs of slowing trucks and jumped aboard - an impossible feat for a mother with two small children.

Escobar’s family had had no food or water since residents of Mapastepec provided them a dinner of rice, beans, and eggs about 12 hours earlier.

That morning, there had been nothing to eat at the school where they slept on a three-foot (1 meter) square patch of floor, squeezed among dozens of parents with small children.

So many components play into a person's menstrual cycle that understanding what a period is and how it works can be confusing, even if your monthly visitor has been coming around for quite some time.

If there are some questions you might not have thought or had been too shy to ask in a health class or during a conversation with your OB-GYN, we've all been there. To ease your curious mind, here are few of the most common period questions answered by the experts.   

What is considered a "normal" menstrual cycle?

Before you can assume your period isn't "normal," it's important to know what that even means.

Ann Mullen, director of health education at Cycle Technologies, told INSIDER that "normal" menstrual cycles typically last anywhere from "21 to 35 days long." But this can vary depending on the person's body.

"If someone had a 25-day cycle one month, it would be considered normal if that person had a 30- or 31-day cycle the next," Mullen told INSIDER. "That is a normal amount of variation. But if someone had cycles that varied in length by more than a week, that may be something to look into."

Why is my period late?

A late period is a one that comes eight or more days past it's expected arrival, so you might want to hold off on making an appointment with your doctor if yours is off by a day or two.

Oftentimes women will realize they're late and assume they're pregnant, which is definitely a possibility if you're sexually active (remember, birth control isn't 100% effective, especially with user error).

But Mullen told INSIDER that people should also factor in their stress levels, significant weight loss, and even their age, as adolescent and perimenopausal people who menstruate can both experience fluctuating cycles.

My period is really heavy — should I talk to my OB-GYN?

You should always consult your gynecologist if you feel like something is "off" about your menstrual cycle. That being said, every woman has their own "normal," and every body is different.

If you tend to have a slightly heavier or longer flow than, say, your best friend or sister, it's fine. As long as you aren't experiencing any severe symptoms along with it, your period is probably just naturally heavy.

But if you start to notice your cycle becoming heavier, irregular, or both, or if you start to experience shortness of breath and dizziness when you bleed, Dr. Jessica Shepherd, an OB-GYN and U by Kotex partner, said these are all red flags for you to go see your doctor.

Ivanka Trump has lived her life in the public eye.

Born to then real-estate mogul Donald Trump and model Ivana Trump, his first wife, she is now the president's oldest (and favorite) daughter.

The 37-year-old has been a business executive, runway model, socialite, doting mother, and now key adviser in her father's White House.

Here's a look back at her life:

SEE ALSO: Ivanka Trump describes her life as the daughter of a US president, running the Trump empire, and building her own brand

DON'T MISS: The meteoric rise of Hope Hicks: How a 28-year-old with no political experience found herself in Trump's inner circle

Ivana Trump was born in Manhattan on October 30, 1981. "Ivanka" is actually a nickname for her real name, which is the same as her mother's.

Source: Business Insider, Ivanka Trump

She is the middle child of Donald's first wife, Ivana, who was born in Czechoslovakia.

Her mother and father divorced in 1992 after a very public breakup when he cheated with Marla Maples, who would become his second wife. Ivanka was 11 years old.

Look, we get it. It can be hard to write about the military. What's the difference between soldiers, troops, and service members? Are Coast Guardsman sailors? Are they Navy personnel at all? Do those guys really prefer to be known as "seamen?"

There's a lot of terminology to get straight, but still, it's not that hard. And, frankly, we're tired of seeing anything with more than 2 inches of armor being described as a "tank."

So here's a quick primer on America's only current tank — and a whole bunch of armored vehicles that are not tanks:

SEE ALSO: The Army is working on a plan to take humans out of its most vulnerable vehicles, but new challenges are on the horizon

M1 Abrams tank

First, the only current American military vehicle that is actually a tank: the M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank.

The first ones rolled out in 1976, but numerous upgrades have been made since. The modern M1A2 SEPV3 has ceramic armor made from depleted uranium and fires a 120 mm cannon with everything from high explosive rounds to sabot. Sabot rounds are fast-flying darts that exit from the main gun.

Thousands of them exist in the US arsenal and hundreds more are in service around the world, mostly in places like Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Australia. It's easy to pick out because of its large size, free-moving turret with a large gun, and the massive tank treads that propel it across the ground.

Paladin self-propelled howitzer

Next, the Paladin. This is probably the most convincing of the non-tanks out there. It's significantly smaller than the Abrams and weighs less than half as much, but it is large, propels itself on two big tank treads, is well-armored, and has a big gun.

But it's the gun and the mission that makes this artillery instead of a tank. The 155 mm howitzer is made to primarily fire in an indirect fire mode, arcing the shells over the battlefield instead of engaging directly, like an Abrams. Its armor and speed also aren't really up to snuff for direct combat.

You can differentiate it from a tank by focusing on the arm that supports the cannon barrel, the smaller size, and the reduced armor. Especially important is the lack of explosive reactive armor, the boxy armor panels on the skirts of Abrams tanks.

Bradley infantry fighting vehicle

Confusing a Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle with a tank is pretty reasonable. It's armored, propels itself on two tracks, and is often seen with the explosive reactive armor common on Abrams. It even has a free-turning turret like a tank and fights on the frontlines.

But the difference comes in the vehicles' mission and the size of the main cannon. Bradleys have lighter armor and a much smaller gun, typically 25 mm compared to the Abrams' 120 mm.

They're made to move quickly on the battlefield and carry up to eight infantrymen into combat, though other variants drop the infantry carrying capacity to serve other missions, instead.

To differentiate it from the Abrams, focus on the size, reduced armor, and the much smaller gun.

The M113 armored personnel carrier is the predecessor the the Bradley. It, also, is not a tank. It's smaller, has less armor, and lacks a turret.

BROOKLYN — Apple just held its second big event of the fall in New York City's most populous borough.

Apple held its first fall event in September, where it unveiled a new Apple Watch and three new iPhone models. On Tuesday, Apple unveiled new iPad Pros, Mac computers, and more. Business Insider was in attendance to see it all happen live.

Here's everything Apple announced at its big October event.

8:54 AM: The event took place at the Brooklyn Academy of Music. Apple dressed it all up for the big occasion.

9:09 AM: Plenty of Apple executives were in attendance, including Craig Federighi, a.k.a. "Hair Force One." Federighi oversees the development of Apple's iPhone and Mac software.

9:25 AM: Thankfully, there was plenty of food to enjoy during the wait.

In an age of streaming, audiences often binge their latest obsessions while waiting for the next one.

Every week, Parrot Analytics provides Business Insider with a list of the five most "in-demand" TV shows on streaming services. (The data is based on Demand Expressions, the globally standardized TV demand measurement unit from Parrot Analytics. Audience demand reflects the desire, engagement, and viewership weighted by importance, so a stream or download is a higher expression of demand than a "like" or comment on social media.)

This week's most in-demand shows include Netflix's "Daredevil," which just dropped a new season; the new hit horror series "The Haunting of Hill House"; and "Stranger Things," which is skipping 2018, leaving fans craving for its third season that will come to Netflix next year.

Below are this week's five most popular shows on Netflix and other streaming services:

SEE ALSO: There are early signs that Hasan Minhaj's 'Patriot Act' could succeed where other Netflix talk shows have failed

5. "Big Mouth" (Netflix)

Average demand expressions: 26,361,485 

Description:"Teenage friends find their lives upended by the wonders and horrors of puberty."

Season 2 premiered on Netflix October 5.

4. "Chilling Adventures of Sabrina" (Netflix)

Average demand expressions:  34,685,847 

Description: "Magic and mischief collide as half-human, half-witch Sabrina navigates between two worlds: mortal teen life and her family's legacy, the Church of Night."

Season 1 premiered on Netflix October 26.

3. "Stranger Things" (Netflix)

Average demand expressions: 35,038,051 

Description:"When a young boy vanishes, a small town uncovers a mystery involving secret experiments."

Seasons 1 and 2 are now streaming on Netflix; season 3 drops in 2019.

Some of the world's biggest challenges, including climate change and political violence, extend far beyond any one nation's borders.

Global catastrophes can occur for a number of reasons, and the Global Challenges Foundation's 2018 report highlights some of the main risks to humanity today. The foundation, created in 2012, works with researchers to publish annual reports on threats that could devastate at least 10% of the world's population. This year's report contributors include astrophysicist Martin Rees and multiple experts focused on disarmament affairs at the United Nations. 

According to the foundation, the next 50 years will set the pace for humanity's survival in the next 10,000 years. 

"Why care now? Because so much is at stake, too little is done, and if we wait until later, caring may no longer matter," the report's authors said.

Take a look at the 10 greatest challenges facing humans right now.

SEE ALSO: Want to solve global crises? $5 million prize seeks fresh ideas

A nuclear explosion could trigger a "nuclear winter," with widespread famines to follow.

Nuclear weapons can kill thousands of people upon impact, and their lingering effects create even more harm.

Kennette Benedict, a Bulletin of Atomic Scientists senior adviser, and Nobuyasu Abe, the commissioner of Japan's Atomic Energy Commission, wrote in the report that nuclear explosions could trigger a "nuclear winter," where a massive amount of dust and sulfates could conceal the Sun and cool the Earth for years.

One model suggests the use of 4,000 nuclear weapons would release 150 teragrams of smoke, which is enough to lower global temperatures by 8 degrees for four or five years. The world's largest nuclear arsenals, located in the United States and Russia, each have about 7,000 warheads.

Benedict and Abe wrote that it would be very difficult to grow food during this time, and chaos would follow amid a widespread famine.

Technological progress in synthetic biology and genetic engineering is making it easier and cheaper to weaponize pathogens.

Nuclear weapons are complicated and made of rare materials, but biological and chemical weapons can be made for much less money. 

Angela Kane, a senior fellow at the Vienna Center for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, wrote in the report that biological weapons could cause global catastrophes if a pathogen leads to a pandemic. Toxic chemicals may be less deadly, but they can still contaminate a large area if they are put into water supplies.

Kane added it is possible that a worldwide consensus on banning countries from using toxic chemicals will unravel. She noted that biological and chemical weapons — despite being banned — have been used at least four times in the past 40 years. 

Climate change will have devastating consequences.

Leena Srivastava, the vice chancellor of TERI University in India, wrote that despite the Paris climate deal, there is a 90% chance that global temperature increases will exceed 2 degrees Celsius this century. 

There is also a 33% chance that the rise will go beyond 3 degrees in the 21st century, and the world is not on track to preventing this from happening, Srivastava said. 

Most of Florida and Bangladesh will be underwater if the change exceeds 3 degrees, and major coastal areas like Shanghai and Mumbai will be swamped. Srivastava wrote that large numbers of refugees will leave those regions, which would suffer from extreme weather and low food production. 

• Starting a business presents myriad challenges.
• Author and entrepreneur Nicole Rollender details the decisions she made that helped get her first business off the ground.
• From hiring business coaches to finding the right accountant, here are the five best things Rollender did when she started her company.

I used to tell anybody who’d listen that I’d never work for myself. I loved the comfort of having a boss and working for a company.For almost 15 years, since I graduated with my master’s degree in creative writing, I’d always worked for publishing companies.

All that changed a year ago, when my position of 11 years was eliminated. Everyone told me I’d find a new job right away, since I had so much experience as a magazine editor-in-chief and head of multiple departments. That couldn’t have been further from the truth. I applied for hundreds of jobs and didn’t receive one job offer.

When I was employed and someone would ask what I’d do if I was no longer at my current job, I would say tongue-in-cheek that I’d launch my own company. But in January, after yet another 9-to-5 job interview, I decided I was ready to take a leap of faith, and I launched my own writing services business.

Here are five smart things I did when I started my company.

SEE ALSO: I've been a manager for 10 years — here are the 5 best ways to impress your boss

1. I hired business coaches.

I had tons of experience as an executive in a company and knew my way around running a department. However, I knew that I didn’t know how to run a creative services business.  

My coaches first helped me grow the right boss mindset. For example, many freelance writers like myself underestimate the money they can make with their skill sets, so they undercharge. They often work 50 hours a week, barely making ends meet.

Mindset work helps you know exactly what you offer and its value, so you can clearly communicate that on sales calls. Getting really clear on my market value helped me find the right clients and type of work to match my expertise. I work way less than 40 hours a week.

It’s always good to work with coaches who are several steps ahead of you. My coaches had run several six-figure writing services businesses, so I got lots of spot-on tips to scale fast.

2. I’m always marketing.

This was a hard lesson for me, but it’s a fact: As a business owner, you can never stop marketing.

At a certain point, I had a lot of writing work, so I said, “I don’t have time to take on new clients, so I can stop marketing.” Then, the bottom dropped out.

In the same week, two contracts canceled, both for reasons within the client companies that were beyond my control.

It took me almost two months to find four new clients — and that was with pitching several hours every day. (Cold pitching via email and LinkedIn works best for my business.)

One coach wisely said I should always be prospecting, because relationships can take months to convert to paying clients. One of my biggest clients, in fact, took six months to sign on the dotted line.

While you may not have to prospect every day, market your firm at least several hours a week.

3. I partnered with the right accountant.

When I first set up my LLC, I hired a budget-friendly virtual accountant I found online. Unfortunately, that firm recommended and set up the incorrect business structure for my personal situation, which caused me to overpay on taxes on multiple fronts.

Luckily, a fellow business owner who’d been in a similar situation told me to shop around for the right accountant. (Whether or not the firm is local to you, it should understand small businesses and your state’s particular forms and regulations.)

I visited several local accountants and found one I felt was the right match for me. That accountant set up my new business structure, helped me get all the paperwork in order for my state, and even refiled my 2017 taxes so that I’d get back some of the money I overpaid.

• MealKitt founder Julian Gaine took a series of photos that show how much you should eat for Christmas dinner depending on your weight goal.
• The photos show portion sizes according to if you want to lose, maintain, or gain weight.
• According to Gaine, portion control is the easiest and most fundamental way to achieve your weight goal.

Who doesn't love the holidays?

It's a time full of celebrations, gifts, and delicious food.

Unfortunately, though, all of that delicious food can lead to some unwanted weight gain.

Julian Gaine, the managing director and founder behind MealKitt, wants to combat those extra pounds through portion control.

Gaine recently released a series of photos that show how much food you should eat during a typical Christmas dinner, depending on if you're looking to lose, maintain, or gain weight.

INSIDER spoke with Gaine about the photos and portion control in general. Keep scrolling to see what he told us.

The photos depict three courses of a Christmas dinner: a smoked salmon appetizer, an entree consisting of turkey, vegetables, stuffing, and potatoes, and pudding for dessert.

The photo above depicts how large an entree you should eat if you're looking to lose weight. Gaine said the photos were created under the assumption that a Christmas meal is going to account for around 60% of your calories for the day.

He said that it's common for people to have a small breakfast, then eat a large meal, and "nibble" for the rest of the day.

Gaine said the photos are geared towards an average man who's between the ages of 20 and 50, is anywhere between five foot six inches and six feet tall, and weighs between 200 to 220 pounds.

According to Gaine, the average man who gets around 30 minutes of brisk exercise per day needs about 2,500 calories per day to maintain weight, whereas the average woman needs around 2,000 calories per day to maintain weight.

The portion pictured above is broken up into about 30% protein, 30% fat, and 40% carbohydrates, a ratio Gaine said is ideal for weight maintenance.

He said that since the difference between a man and a woman's daily caloric needs aren't all that different, these photos can apply to women as well.

The difference between weight maintenance and weight loss or gain is around 600 calories per day, according to Gaine.

Gaine said that the main culprits behind weight gain are carbohydrates and sugar. When a client wants to gain weight, Gaine ups their carbohydrate intake, which is why the gain photo includes more potatoes than the maintain and lose photos. 

This year, the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show is returning to New York City after two years abroad.

Although the date and venue of the upcoming show have yet to be revealed, it typically airs in November or early December, ahead of the holiday season.

So far, 43 models have publicly confirmed that they will be walking in this year's show, including veterans of the runway like Sui He and Barbara Fialho.

Below, meet the 18 models who will be walking in the show for the first time.

At 18 years old, Alannah Walton is one of the youngest models to get cast in this year's show.

In an Instagram post, the Australian model said getting cast in the Victoria's Secret runway event has been her "proudest and greatest achievement yet."

The Sydney native was discovered at the age of 15 when IMG Models found her on Instagram. Since then, Walton has appeared in Vogue Australia, Vogue Japan, and Grazia, and modeled for Victoria's Secret Pink.

British model Cheyenne Maya Carty has modeled for Chanel, bareMinerals, and Sephora.

According to a 2014 interview with models.com, Carty was discovered in 2013 while "casually rollerskating" in London's Victoria Park. Her first job was for the launch of Rihanna's River Island fall 2013 collection.

The 22-year-old model is currently based in New York City and represented by Elite London, as well as New York Models, according to her Instagram account. Carty regularly appears in magazines like Elle, Cosmopolitan, and Teen Vogue.

Duckie Thot is the face of numerous Fenty Beauty campaigns.

At the age of 17, Thot finished in third place on the eighth season of Australia's Next Top Model in 2013. She later made her runway debut at the Yeezy spring/summer 2017 show.

Now 23, the Melbourne native was recently named L'Oréal Paris' newest ambassador in late September. She is currently based in Brooklyn, New York, and represented by New York Model Management, in addition to several other agencies.

The lightweight, super-slim MacBook Air is probably Apple's best-selling laptop.

Apple has never broken down which of its Mac computers sell the most units, but CEO Tim Cook hinted at an event in Brooklyn on Monday that the MacBook Air was the "most beloved."

And on Tuesday, it got its first major redesign since 2010. 

In recent years, it had been difficult to find a great Apple laptop for most people. Apple's pro-level models had adopted an unpopular, finicky keyboard, added a gimmicky touchscreen "Touch Bar" to the MacBook Pro, and raised prices across the board. Its thin-and-light MacBook, ostensibly the flagship of the line, was underpowered and had a single USB-C port, which it also used for charging. 

Enter the newly-redesigned MacBook Air. The entry-level Apple laptop has been revamped, with a new design, new ports, a "third-generation" butterfly keyboard, and a much higher-resolution screen than the previous model.

Oh, and it comes in gold now, too. 

We got a few minutes to try out the new MacBook Air after Apple's launch event on Tuesday. Here's what we thought: 

The new MacBook Air comes in three colors: The traditional silver, a darker "Space Grey," and gold.

The biggest improvement over the older models is that the screen has a much higher resolution — 2560 x 1600 — and its bezels are smaller. The screen is still about 13 inches big, though, so that hasn't changed.

Here's another close-up.

• Apple released iOS 12.1 on Tuesday, which includes more than 70 new emoji, including redheads, a mango, and a lacrosse stick.
• There are 158 individual emoji when accounting for skin tone and gender variations, according to Jeremy Burge of Emojipedia.

Another fall means another set of new emojis arriving on iPhones. 

Apple released iOS 12.1 on Tuesday, which includes more than 70 new emoji, including redheads, a mango, and a lacrosse stick. There are 158 individual emoji when accounting for skin tone and gender variations, according to Jeremy Burge of Emojipedia.

Unicode — the consortium responsible for choosing the new emojis across all platforms — approved the new emoji in February, and they've been trickling out to platforms and devices ever since. But now, they'll finally arrive for iPhone 5S and later.

Here's ever new emoji arriving for iPhones on Tuesday: 

SEE ALSO: 17 of the coolest things your Google Home can do

Abacus

Badger

Bagel

The drama "Lost" premiered on ABC in September 2004 and ran for six years, chronicling the lives of passengers who wound up stranded on a mysterious island.

The award-winning show was known for its twisting plots, stirring mythology, and nail-biting cliffhangers.

In the eight years following the show’s finale, the ensemble cast has gone on to have varied careers in television and film.

Here's where some of the leading members of the "Lost" cast are now.

Warning: Some spoilers ahead. 

Evangeline Lilly portrayed former fugitive Kate Austen.

"I would say 'Lost’ was my destiny because it certainly wasn’t my agenda," Lilly said in an interview with The Independent.

"I was one of those very rare actresses who wasn’t trying to be an actress when I got that job — and the only reason I took it at the time was because I had enormous faith and really believed that everything in my life just continued to point me towards this thing."

Lilly has had many leading roles since the show ended.

Evangeline Lilly has perhaps had the most success following "Lost" with leading roles in various blockbuster films. Recently, she was seen on screen as Hope Van Dyne in "Ant-Man and the Wasp" and Tauriel in the "Hobbit" franchise.

Matthew Fox played Jack Shepard, a surgeon.

Prior to playing the lead of "Lost," Matthew Fox gained television fame portraying Charlie Salinger on the family drama "Party of Five." 

The Insider Picks team writes about stuff we think you'll like. Business Insider has affiliate partnerships so we get a share of the revenue from your purchase.

She's your confidante, rock, mentor, and built-in best friend. She's been there through it all and this holiday season she deserves something really special. Yet, mom can be one of the hardest people to shop for on your list. After all, what do you give someone who literally gave you life?

The good news is that the perfect gift for your mom is out there, and it doesn't have to be expensive to make her smile. When it comes to gifts for mom, whether you want to go with something big or small, thoughtfulness is key. That's why we scoured the web and collected 50 really special gifts that show your mom you care, all under $50.

Pick a gift that embraces nostalgia, her favorite hobbies, or some quality time with you — whatever you give, mom will love it. 

Looking for more gift ideas? Check out all of Insider Picks' holiday gift guides for 2018 here.

A bath caddy with room for everything she might need

Royal Craft Wood Luxury Bathtub Caddy, $39.37, available at Amazon

The only thing that could make a bath more relaxing than some luxurious bubbles is this bathtub caddy. It can hold a device so she can watch her favorite show, a glass full of her favorite drink, and even a candle she can light for ambiance. 

A Blue Apron meal kit for convenient, healthy meals

Blue Apron Meal Kit, starting at $47.95, available at Blue Apron

Whether she loves to cook or is looking to improve her skills, she'll appreciate the convenience of this meal kit. Each meal kit comes with pre-portioned ingredients and easy-to-follow recipes for seriously delicious home cooked meals that can be made on busy weeknights. 

An air plant that shows your appreciation

You Are My Rock Air Plant, starting at $26, available at Etsy

She's your rock, so let her know. This air plant, which comes in a pretty rose quartz planter, will make a cute piece of decor — and the packaging box will remind her how important she is to you. 

"The Haunting of Hill House" is the horror television series that has swept Netflix, enrapturing viewers with its shiver-inducing jump-scares, intricate storylines, and careful probing into the psyches and grief of the haunted Crain family.

With a 93% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes, it seems more likely than not that the 10-episode retelling of the classic horror novel from Shirley Jackson will be renewed for another season.

Here's everything we know about a potential second season.

The director seems interested in a second season.

He isn't sure it will happen, but Mike Flanagan, the director, said he has "definitely thought about" a second season. "There are variables at play, so I can't say much," he revealed to Hollywood Reporter."But I've given it thought."

So do the current cast.

It's unclear if a second season would include the current cast of "Hill House," but if it does, they have their pens ready.

"They could continue on and have it a couple of years on," Oliver Jackson-Cohen (Luke Crain) told Digital Spy, "They could go back and tell the story of the Hills at Hill House, they could do an anthology. There are so many options that they can toy with here which I think makes it so exciting to be part of a show like this."

"I would run back to that family," Kate Siegel (Theodora Crain) said.

"We could go back to the house and I'm the gatekeeper of the house, maybe," Michiel Huisman (Steve Crain) theorized. "Or we could do more of an anthology. I like that."

It probably wouldn't feature the Crain family.

While many fans want answers about the future of the Crain family, a "Hill House" sequel in all likelihood wouldn't include them at all.

"I felt like the Crains have been through enough," showrunner and director Mike Flanagan told Entertainment Weekly. "We left them exactly as we all wanted to remember them, those of us who worked on it. We toyed with a cliffhanger ending and we toyed with other ideas, but ultimately, in the writers' room and with the cast and everything else, we really felt like the story demanded a certain kind of closure from us and we were happy to close the book on that family."