The top 11 Republican presidential candidates are set to square off Wednesday night in the second GOP debate of the campaign.

With less than 420 days until the election, we took a look at where the GOP's top contenders stand heading into the debate.

Our rankings are based on the Real Clear Politics averages of national polls and those in New Hampshire, Iowa, and South Carolina — the three first voting states. We also factored in candidates' momentum (or lack thereof) over the past few weeks.

Here's a look at where all the candidates stand.

11. Chris Christie, New Jersey governor

Christie is lucky — if CNN used the same methodology as Fox News did for its first debate, he'd be off the main stage. Instead, he's just barely here, mired in 11th place in an average of six recent Real Clear Politics national polls.

Christie did nothing to help his cause in the first Republican presidential debate, and he has failed to build any type of momentum in the first two-plus months of his campaign. His strategy of investing time, effort, and money into New Hampshire is also in flux — he's placing eighth in the Granite State.

National polling average among Republican voters: 1.5% (11th)
Iowa: 1.3% (11th)
New Hampshire: 3% (T-8th)
South Carolina 1.7% (11th)

10. Rand Paul, US senator from Kentucky

Paul is the unconventional candidate of the Republican field. But he has so far been unable to latch on and break through as a clear, top-tier candidate. And his problems have only been exacerbated over the past several weeks.

Two of his political allies were indicted in a campaign finance fraud scheme. And Paul has been plunging in polls both before and after the first Republican debate, in which he did nothing to help his cause. 

He needs a strong performance Wednesday night.

National polling average among Republican voters: 3.3% (T-7th)
Iowa: 3.7% (T-8th)
New Hampshire: 5% (7th)
South Carolina: 2.3% (10th)

9. Mike Huckabee, former Arkansas governor

Huckabee has had quite the last week, advancing his cause with religious and more conservative Republican voters by appearing alongside Rowan County Clerk Kim Davis, who had been jailed for her refusal to grant marriage licenses to same-sex couples.

But he has been unable to break through in the polls, and a key part of his early-state strategy isn't panning out like he might have expected. He's polling just eighth in Iowa, a state where he won the caucus in 2008.

National polling average among Republican voters: 4.5% (6th)
Iowa: 3.7% (T-8th)
New Hampshire: 1.3% (11th)
South Carolina: 3% (9th)

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From beer gardens to history museums, Berlin offers terrific experiences that should be on every traveler’s list.

Here are Fodor’s top picks for a memorable trip.

SEE ALSO: The crazy story of why there are almost no Germans in New York's East Village anymore

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Spree River

The Spree is one of the city’s finest natural features.

Clubs and cafés line its banks, and you can relax in a beach chair by the water in the summer months.

Street Art

Berlin is famous for edgy street art, with thousands of pieces in areas including Mitte, Friedrichshain, and Prenzlauer Berg.

The East Side Gallery has some great examples.

The Berlin Wall

The Wall fell in 1989 but is still an essential part of the city.

The museum at Checkpoint Charlie has incredible stories about those who escaped through, under, and over it.

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Now that Apple's latest software update, iOS 9, is available to download on iPhones and iPads everywhere, it's time to get the most out of the new features that have been added.

We've already shown you the biggest changes in iOS 9, but now it's time to take a look at some of the lesser-known additions to the operating system.

The Health app can now be used to track female reproductive health, water intake, and UV exposure.

You can enter information manually or use a period tracking app like Clue. For more about women's health tracking with smartphones, check out this post.

Notifications can be grouped by app instead of time.

This setting is great if you prefer to see your notifications — like iMessages, tweets, and news alerts — based on the apps they come from instead of the time they were sent.

You can quickly create a PDF of any webpage and save it to the iBooks app.

When Apple's iBooks is installed, tap the share menu in Safari to save any webpage as a PDF in the app.

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"Star Wars: The Force Awakens" is just a few months away, but there's still a lot we don't know about the movie.

Sure, we don't have an official plot synopsis, but we haven't even met all of the characters.

StarWars.com has quietly been adding more characters from the upcoming movie to its internal database.

They don't show up on the site unless you search for them or do a manual Google search. 

A bunch of eagle-eyed fans on Reddit have rounded up a bunch of them leading up to the release of "Star Wars: The Force Awakens" December 18.

Let’s take a look at everyone!

The Guavian Enforcers

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We wrote a little bit about the Guavian Enforcers when the new "Star Wars" merchandise came out early September. The character will be released as one of the Black Series collector's toys at an upcoming date. 

The description on the box reads as follows: 

“The security soldiers of the Guavian Gang wear high impact armor that makes them stand out among other deadly criminals.”

StarWars.com describes the character as part of a Guavian Death Gang.

Sarco Plank

Via StarWars.com:

"A scavenger and trader who scours frontier worlds for riches, Sarco Plank must wear a specialized mask that keeps his native atmosphere circulating through his alien lungs."

The character will also be getting his own toy which will be released at a later date.

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Now that Apple's latest software update, iOS 9, is available to download on iPhones and iPads everywhere, it's time to get the most out of the new features that have been added.

We've already shown you the biggest changes in iOS 9, but now it's time to take a look at some of the lesser-known additions to the operating system.

The Health app can now be used to track female reproductive health, water intake, and UV exposure.

You can enter information manually or use a period tracking app like Clue. For more about women's health tracking with smartphones, check out this post.

Notifications can be grouped by app instead of time.

This setting is great if you prefer to see your notifications — like iMessages, tweets, and news alerts — based on the apps they come from instead of the time they were sent.

You can quickly create a PDF of any webpage and save it to the iBooks app.

When Apple's iBooks is installed, tap the share menu in Safari to save any webpage as a PDF in the app.

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Earlier this week, Snapchat added a new feature called "Lenses" which lets users add fun animations to their selfies.

Teens were the first to use the update against their parents, but it turns out adults aren't totally in the dark about how apps work.

We found a bunch of parents using the new lenses as an excuse to take hilarious pictures of their kids. 

From babies who look like "Benjamin Button," to toddlers puking rainbows, Lenses might just be Snapchat's most entertaining feature ever.

At least for parents, anyway. 

Keep reading to see 22 of the most ridiculous pictures, courtesy of the Instagram hashtag "#SnapchatUpdate."

Snapchat Lenses are so easy a baby could use them. Well, almost.

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Just hold up your phone like you would to take a selfie. Then, press and hold the your face (or your baby's face) on the screen to add some Lens magic.

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 For more detailed instructions, click here.

The results could be adorable.

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American fast food chains are taking over international markets. 

And brands like McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's are offering customized offerings to appeal to different palates.

From a shrimp and avocado burrito to some very unusual pizzas, check out what fast food companies are selling overseas.

McDonald's Japan serves rice cheese balls. The menu items have a crispy outside with a warm, gooey inside.

McDonald's India features the McAloo wrap. Aloo is a type of potato curry served in India and is typically street food. McDonald's put its own spin on the traditional dish by wrapping a flour tortilla around an aloo patty garnished with lettuce, onions, vegetables, and a tangy sauce.

Pizza Hut Russia serves an Oktoberfest seasonal pizza. Toppings include Bavarian sausage, pepperoni, vegetables, sauce, and mustard.

Smart home devices – like the Nest Thermostat, Canary, and Amazon Echo – are becoming more prevalent throughout the US. However, mass adoption of smart home devices will likely be slow; smart home devices' current high prices and long lifespans (which prolong the time an installed device needs to be replaced), as well as technological hurdles of the installation process, make fast widespread adoption unlikely.

BI Intelligence has developed a slide deck analyzing the US smart home market. Some of the topics in the deck include:

• Survey results on what Americans want most in the smart home, provided to us by Icontrol Networks.
• A breakdown of the American housing market and how many devices there could be per household.
• A look at the tech adoption curve of the US smart home market.
• Which smart home players are currently leading the market.
• Forecasts of the US residential connected lighting market.

The companies mentioned include:

August, Nest, Belkin, Honeywell, Insteon, TCP Connected, GE, Xfinity, AT&T ADT, Time Warner Cable, Lowe's Phillips, Staples, Vivint, Total Connect, Smartthings, Dropcam, Alarm.com, Apple, Wemo, Canary, Icontrol Networks, Revolv, Piper and Peq. 

To access a download of thefull deck fromBI Intelligence, sign up for afull-access 14-day trial here.Full-access members also gain access to new in-depth reports, hundreds of charts, as well as daily newsletters on the digital industry.

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From South Africa to Japan, here what it's like to travel one some of the world’s most luxurious trains. 

SEE ALSO: 10 of the most beautiful train stations around the world

Seven Stars in Kyushu

Japan’s ultraluxe rail line traverses the dramatic mountainous island of Kyushu, stopping at the rustic town of Yufuin, a destination famous for its hot springs.

Every detail is considered in the Seven Stars’ passenger suites. The walls feature Kumiko latticework, made by local craftsmen in Okawa, Fukuoka, without the use of nails. The sinks, meanwhile, were created by the late Sakaida Kakiemon XIV, a celebrated potter.

In the dining car, extensive rich wood detailing, from the chevron parquet pearwood floors to the coffered, arched ceiling, competes with epic views of Japan’s countryside.

It's not surprising that Apple's first ever Android app is purely designed to help you move from Android to iOS.

But if you are making the switch from Android to iPhone, it does help transfer data like contacts, message history, photos and videos, bookmarks from your web browser, mail accounts, and calendars.

It's especially useful for transferring photos and videos, as well as your texts. Otherwise, mail accounts and calendars are mostly synced into your email provider's (like Gmail) cloud, and you'll find all your emails and calendards synced up when you sign in to whichever email app you use on your new iPhone.

Here's how easy it is to switch to iPhone. But first, make sure you download the Move to iOS app to your Android device.

First, you'll need to connect your new iOS device to your Wi-Fi network and download the Move to iOS app from the Google Play store.

After connecting your new iOS device to your Wi-Fi network, you'll see the Apps & Data screen where you tap Move Data from Android. Tap Continue on the Android Move to iOS app, too.

Next, you'll see a code on your iOS device. Tap in that code into the the Android Move to iOS app.

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Game controllers are remarkable devices.

They stand up to hundreds, often thousands of hours of use. They get thrown in fits of rage. They get pounded by button-mashing children. They get water/juice/soda/beer/grain alcohol spilled on them. They get left in the sun, sat on, spat on, thrown, chewed, and all manner of other abuses. It's amazing that they last as long as they do!

But for some folks, that isn't enough. For some, an even more serious, more customizable gamepad is necessary. Microsoft has something in the works that's aimed squarely at them — and hopefully you, too. This is the Xbox Elite controller.

The Xbox Elite controller looks starkly different from the standard Xbox One gamepad.

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Here's what the Xbox Elite controller looks like next to a regular Xbox One gamepad:

Pretty different, no?

There are some key differences between the two gamepads. For one, the Xbox Elite controller is much higher quality. Much of it is made of steel.

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"We took the basic controller we have today, added on to it and improved it."

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Michael Jordan is on the Forbes list of billionaires for the first time.

Since he retired a decade ago, he has built one of the most successful, lucrative careers we've ever seen from a former athlete.

From sprawling houses to custom planes to his own golf course, he's clearly enjoying life after hoops.

Jordan still makes more money than LeBron, Kobe, or any other active player.

He reportedly makes $100 million per year from Nike royalties alone.

Source: ESPN

That's way more than he made in salary while he played. He made $90.2 million TOTAL in NBA salary.

Source: Basketball-Reference

Snapchat's new "Lens" features are a fun way to add silly animations to your selfies, videos, or even the GOP candidates for president. 

During Wednesday night's debate, lots of people used Snapchat's newest feature to take hilarious videos of the presidential hopefuls.

Complete with animated tears and rainbow vomit, the resulting Vines and Instagram videos are mesmerizing and just a little bit bizarre. 

Keep reading to see 15 of our favorites, courtesy of the hashtag #GOPDebate. 

Check out some of tonight's GOP debate viewed through the new Snapchat Lenses.

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"Important issues discussed tonight during the #GOPDebate," this Viner wrote in their caption.

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Here's what Donald Trump would look like if he puked rainbows.

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A massive massive earthquake rattled Chile at 7:55pm local time on Wednesday evening.

The quake's center was about 142 miles north of Santiago, the capital of Chile, and registered a magnitude of 8.3. That’s close enough to Santiago, the capital city of Chile, and strong enough that buildings swayed violently under the force.

A tsunami is also reported to have struck the coast of Chile, and a tsunami advisory is in effect for Hawaii and other areas of the Pacific Ocean.

Now that the dust is settling, Chilean users of Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and other social media sites are starting to post images and video of the event.

Keep scrolling to see what it was like to be in the middle of Chile's powerful quake.

The earthquake was powerful enough to knock items off of shelves in this grocery store.

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A construction worker took these photos of an empty mall in La Serena that appears to be badly damaged by the quake.

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Since "Shark Tank" debuted in 2009, we've seen hundreds of entrepreneurs pitch their businesses to a panel of celebrity investors.

While each Shark may have their own method for evaluating whether a company is worth an investment, they all agree on the fundamentals of a great pitch.

In the best pitches, entrepreneurs sell themselves as much as the product and are prepared to answer any question. The pitches are concise and exciting, and make investors afraid they'll miss out on a major money-making opportunity if they don't make a deal.

A great pitch is far from a guarantee of success, but it's one of the first hurdles to becoming the next hit company out of "Shark Tank." In anticipation of the seventh season's premiere on Sept. 25, we've rounded up the best pitches in the show's history.

SEE ALSO: 'Shark Tank' investor Barbara Corcoran reveals the productivity trick every entrepreneur should use

Beatbox Beverages, Season 6

Beatbox Beverages cofounders Brad Schultz, Aimy Steadman, and Justin Fenchel entered the tank looking for $250,000 for 10% of their neon-colored, boxed fruit wine company.

After working through the details of how the three built their business, Mark Cuban decided the drink had the potential for viral growth among younger drinkers beyond the company's native Texas and offered $600,000 for a third of the company. Fenchel was grateful for the offer but said they hadn't prepared to give up so much of their company. Cuban asked for a counter. Without skipping a beat, Fenchel asked for $1 million in exchange for a third of the company. They shook hands on the deal.

One of the most common reasons why entrepreneurs miss out on a deal on the show is when they become indecisive or anxious. The Beatbox Beverages team trusted each other and had prepared well enough that nothing caught them off guard, and they ended up with an investment that's uncharacteristically large for the show.

EmazingLights, Season 6

Extravagant pitches filled with performances and props can make for great television, but often are used to hide deficiencies in a company. In the case of EmazingLights, however, a giant cartoon headpiece and a light show was used to demonstrate the company's unusual product, gloves with LED lights in the fingertips that have become increasingly popular at raves.

Founder and CEO Brian Lim's pitch showed the importance of self-promotion when wooing investors. He was able to convince them that the $7 million in annual revenue he'd achieved for his four-year-old company was due to his focus, passion, and long-term vision to crush the competition.

"You are probably one of the, if not the best entrepreneur we've had here," Robert Herjavec told him.

Lim made a deal with Cuban and Daymond John, with Cuban giving $650,000 for 5% and John taking licensing rights and a 20% commission.

Bantam Bagels, Season 6

Husband-and-wife team Nick and Elyse Oleksak left high-paying Wall Street jobs to pursue the excitement of building their own business. They launched stuffed bagel company Bantam Bagels in 2013 and entered the tank looking to turn a New York City outlet into a national business.

Their pitch was noteworthy for having clearly outlined how the company's been successful thus far, what its deficiencies are, and how an investor's guidance and capital can overcome the weaknesses and turn it into a big success. They created the necessary "fear of missing out."

Lori Greiner, who built her career as the "Queen of QVC,"saw the perfect opening for another home shopping hit. She got 25% of the company in exchange for a $275,000 investment.

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Timothy Sykes is a financier who flaunts his flashy lifestyle on Instagram, where photos of him working remotely in Bora Bora or sunning himself in the Maldives garner thousands of likes from his 396,000 followers.

He's not just a trader but also an entrepreneur. Sykes claims to have made $4.3 million trading stocks, but the bulk of his income — "roughly triple that amount," he says — comes from teaching his acolytes his methods for trading penny stocks, at tuition rates of $50 to $247 per month. Sykes said he didn't have any data on how much his students are actually earning at online trading school Profit.ly.

He’s a controversial figure within the finance community for his endorsement of high-risk penny stock trading, as well as his self-described "rich douchebag" image. He also once received a cease-and-desist letter from Shaquille O’Neal.

But his Instagram feed is one of the most loved on the platform, showing him lounging around as he telecommutes from the most beautiful beaches and boats in the world. Like a less wild Dan Bilzerian, he appears to live a life that most guys dream of.

After discovering his enviable feed, we got the scoop from Sykes about what it’s like to be Instagram’s favorite finance bro, with a travel schedule that would make anyone jealous.

It only took one summer of working a typical job in high school for Sykes to decide he wanted to be his own boss.

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Sykes helped manage the inventory of his mother’s retail store in North Haven, Connecticut, as a teen. 

“It was then that I decided I would never work for anyone else,” he told Tech Insider. “It was a typical 9-5 back office job, managing inventory at a basic retail operation which is just a tough, tough way to live day in and day out.”

He seems to love the adrenaline rush that comes along with being your own boss and relying on no one but yourself for a paycheck.

“I love the daily hunt for profits where you only get paid based on your dedication and if you’re right, otherwise you go home empty-handed,” he said. “Being an entrepreneur is so much more exciting, especially when you fail and fail again only to succeed eventually and see your early work pay off.”

Now that most of his cash flows from Profit.ly, he trades with "a small amount in order to teach," he said, "usually starting the year at $100,000 and growing it trade-by-trade so that my students can see. Last year I had a trading profit year of roughly $1 million."

Freedom is more important to Sykes than a bigger paycheck.

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“If I went to work for a big firm, I might get paid decently or even very handsomely, but I wouldn’t have time for anything else,” Sykes said. “Many people in finance make decent to good to even great money, but they’re slaves to their jobs for years, sometimes even decades, before they can come up and enjoy their wealth.”<

Snagging a job with a big firm can also mean years of pricey schooling, he points out. “You waste your youth just trying to get into this field, then you waste another decade trying to make enough money to be free,” he said. “It’s like a lifetime of financial slavery as you spend your days building someone else’s dreams, not your own.”

He doesn't hold any graduate degrees in business or finance. Instead, he finds self-education incredibly important.

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“Learn to trade yourself,” he said, “whether it’s stocks, forex, whatever. Understand that the failure rate is high for traders so you must work your butt off studying and testing various strategies if you want to be one of the few who consistently profit.”

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Boasting a private pier with jaw-dropping views and known as "Summertide," this legendary property along Lake Tahoe's North Shore is what real estate dreams are made of. 

Aviation entrepreneur and American business tycoon Howard Hughes was once the home's owner, but now it can be yours for $19.5 million. John Leles, who is affiliated with Oliver Luxury Real Estate and Christie’s International Real Estate, holds the listing. 

Keep scrolling for an inside-out tour of this lakeside paradise. 

SEE ALSO: 9 enormous log cabins that have all the luxuries of a modern mansion

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Welcome to Summertide.

Perched on a bluff, the home looks out across 500 feet of pristine shoreline.

The estate includes five parcels of land over 5.5 acres.

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China wants to be Asia's unquestioned military power and is rapidly upgrading its arsenal.

Beijing is developing next-generation fighter jets, ballistic missiles, and advanced naval vessels — partly in order to keep pace with the US.

The two powers are in a low-key arms race in east Asia. The US is currently engaged in a "pivot to Asia," focusing military and diplomatic attention on an increasingly important part of the world.

Meanwhile, China is trying to expand its territorial reach into the South China Sea, an effort that's bringing Beijing into recurring conflict with US allies like Japan, the Philippines, and Vietnam.

And China is constantly building its military with a possible invasion of Taiwan in mind.

China has already become the world's second-largest military spender, behind only the US. Since 1995, China has increased its defense budget by 500% in real terms. 

Although China's military has a long way to go before it is qualitatively or even quantitatively at parity with the US, the country's development of high-end weaponry has been notable, and counts as one of the major geo-strategic developments of this decade. 

Here are some of China's fanciest new weapons — and how they could shift the balance of power in Asia.

SEE ALSO: The most game-changing weapons of the 21st century

Chengdu J-20

The Chengdu J-20 is China's fifth-generation fighter, its response to the US F-35 and the Russian T-50. The J-20 is a stealth aircraft that is currently in its fourth round of prototypes. 

The J-20 bears striking resemblance to the F-35 and the F-22, likely due to data theft and Chinese imitation of the designs of both planes. China may have stolen the design specifications needed to give the J-20 stealth capabilities that are on par with the F-35. 

Although the plane is estimated to have a striking range of 1,000 nautical miles, the aircraft itself is still reliant upon Russian engines and is in a relatively early stage of its development.

Shenyang J-31

The Shenyang J-31 is the other Chinese fifth-generation aircraft currently in development.

Unlike the J-20, which is heavily based on stolen American plans, the J-31 boasts an indigenous design. The plane is about the same size as the F-35 but has a smaller weapons bay — giving the J-31 improved fuel efficiency and speed at the expense of some firepower. 

The J-31 is also designed to be deployable to China's planned fleet of aircraft carriers. It would join the F-35 as the only two carrier-based stealth fighters in the world. 

The J-31 is scheduled to make its public debut at China's largest commercial and defense airshow in Zhuhai in early November.

Shenyang J-15 Flying Shark

The Shenyang J-15 is a carrier-based fighter aircraft that debuted in 2009. In a 2014 report to Congress, the Pentagon noted that the Fying Shark was conducting full-stops and takeoffs from China's Liaoning aircraft carrier with full weapons payloads. 

When operating from a ground base, the J-15 should have a combat radius of about 1,200 kilometers. However, since the Liaoning does not provide a useful catapult launch, the aircraft will have a reduced range while operating at sea, the Pentagon reported. 

The Chinese-produced J-15 is based on designs of the Russian Sukhoi Su-33. The plane is a Russian-type design fitted with Chinese radar, engines, and weapons. 

One of the biggest features in iOS 9, Apple's new software update for the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch, is the addition of public transit directions in Apple Maps.

Other mapping apps, like Google Maps and City Mapper, have had public transit directions for years. But this is the first time that Apple Maps, which the company rolled out disastrously in 2012, has provided directions for buses and subways. 

For now, Apple's transit directions only work in a handful of cities — Baltimore, Chicago, London, Mexico City, New York City, Philadelphia, San Francisco, Toronto, Washington DC, and parts of China.

But if you're in a city that's supported and you use a bus or subway, Apple Maps might replace Google Maps, as the main app you use to get around.

In a city where Apple Maps provides public transit directions, like New York City, you'll see available options, like subway stations and bus stops. Apple has done a good job of clearly labeling subway lines with their respective colors.

To use public transit directions, just type in where you want to go and select the new "Transit" option next to "Walk" and "Drive." At the bottom of the screen, Maps will suggest the quickest route to get to your destination.

If you tap the "More Routes" option at the bottom of the screen, you'll see a list of other ways to get where you're going.

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Throughout the summer, droughts have ravaged California and Brazil. Wildfires raged and burned in the American West, Europe, and Asia. A heat wave in the Middle East brought temperatures over 120 degrees Fahrenheit to Iraq — and it felt like 164 F in Iran.

July was the hottest month ever recorded.

Scientists are trying to figure out if super-hot summers exacerbated by climate change are just the new normal.

Scroll through for a look at the way people around the globe sweated through a sweltering month.

CHECK OUT: Devastating photos of California show how bad the drought really is

UP NEXT: One of the world's most threatening glaciers just lost a chunk large enough to cover Manhattan in 1,000 feet of ice

Greece dealt with extreme heat along with a debt crisis. This man tried to stay cool at a beach outside of Athens.

About 500 km away, in another part of Greece, local residents near the town of Neapoli struggled to extinguish this wildfire.

Such fires raised alarm around the world this summer. Firefighters in the West worked to contain blazes like this one in Lake County, California.